2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of flood monitoring system using microwave radar with data driven signal processing

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K20543
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 25:Social systems engineering, safety engineering, disaster prevention engineering, and related fields
Research Institution	Niigata University
Principal Investigator	Yasuda Hiroyasu 新潟大学, 災害・復興科学研究所, 研究教授 (00399354)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	村松正吾新潟大学, 自然科学系, 教授 (30295472) 早坂圭司新潟大学, 自然科学系, 教授 (40377966) 大竹雄東北大学, 工学研究科, 准教授 (90598822) 岡田将治高知工業高等専門学校, ソーシャルデザイン工学科, 教授 (80346519) 萬矢敦啓国立研究開発法人土木研究所, 土木研究所(つくば中央研究所), 主任研究員 (00314740)
Project Period (FY)	2020-07-30 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	洪水 / 水害 / マイクロ波 / 危機管理
Outline of Final Research Achievements	CCTV cameras which are optical methods used for flood monitoring, are severely limited in their ability to observe at night, and it is difficult to observe large areas at high frequency. The μ-wave radar used in this study is capable of completely same observation during the day and night, and can observe an area of several km every few seconds with a resolution of about 10 m. Since μ-waves use flag scattering as their measuring principle, they are advantageous for observing large floods where the water surface fluctuates greatly. In this study, it was demonstrated that the μ-wave reflection strength can directly measure the deformation of the channel by using the property that the μ-wave reflection strength differs several times more than that of solid and fluids. It was also shown that the velocity can be estimated by image-analysis the μ-wave reflection intensity, and that the discharge can be estimated based on this velocity and the cross-sectional survey of the channel.
Free Research Field	防災工学、河川工学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究は、昼夜を問わずに避難情報や河川と並走する道路と渡橋に対する交通規制の即時的な発令が可能となる。これは、安全な避難経路の選択を可能とし、近年の夜間の洪水における落橋の発見の遅れによる洪水中の河川への車両の転落事故を予防できるようにする。また、本研究により、誰も見たことがない洪水のピーク付近の河道の大規模な変形過程の観測事実を初めて蓄積でき、新たな河道の設計法や堤防の設計法を基礎資料を得ることができる。これらの技術が確立されれば、堤防が決壊した場合の人命の喪失と数千億円規模の経済損失の軽減、不可逆的な過疎化を予防が可能となる。