2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Glia and migraine: integrative analysis of slow EEG and functional MRI

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K21573
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 52:General internal medicine and related fields
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	Ikeda Akio 京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定教授 (90212761)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	澤本伸克京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (90397547) 美馬達哉立命館大学, 先端総合学術研究科, 教授 (20324618) 松橋眞生京都大学, 医学研究科, 特定准教授 (40456885) 荒川芳輝京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (20378649) 人見健文京都大学, 医学研究科, 講師 (50402904) 宇佐美清英京都大学, 医学研究科, 客員研究員 (20829204) 山尾幸広京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教 (90736810)
Project Period (FY)	2020-07-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	片頭痛 / 頭痛 / アストロサイト / wide-band EEG / EEG-fMRI
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The pathophysiology of migraine has not been yet fully understood, and there are no objective biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment clinically. In this study, we examined patients diagnosed with migraine by headache specialists and performed various clinically approved tests (wide-band EEG, EEG-functional MRI [EEG-fMRI]) to search for the biomarkers. We found: (1) a subdelta slow potential is observed in the occipital region (slow waves of less than 1 Hz, suggesting an association with astrocyte activity) in the group of patients with symptomatic phase and positive family history, compared to the group of patients with interictal phase and negative family history, respectively, (2) EEG abnormalities in hemiplegic migraine (HM), a severe type of migraine with motor symptoms, are more frequent than in ordinary migraine, and (3) EEG-fMRI of HM with slow wave captured frontal lobe activation in 5/6 patients, suggesting their close associations with abnormal motor symptoms.
Free Research Field	臨床神経生理学、臨床神経学、てんかん
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	片頭痛の疾患バイオマーカーとしての臨床脳波の異常の意義を、アストロサイトとの関連が疑われる緩電位の新しい視点から抽出してまとめ、片頭痛と類似のCSD(皮質拡散脱分極)関連脳神経疾患への応用の可能性の礎となる知見を得た。さらに片頭痛の特殊型であるHMに着目して、片頭痛との神経生理学的相違を明らかにし、神経徴候と脳波変化の起源を探るEEG-fMRIの研究発展、臨床応用の道を展開することができた。