The liquid biopsy to detect the risk of multiple periodontal diseases associated-diseases

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K21714
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 58:Society medicine, nursing, and related fields
• Research Institution: The University of Tokushima
• Principal Investigator: YOSHIDA Kaya 徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(歯学域), 准教授 (60363157)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 岡村 裕彦 岡山大学, 医歯薬学総合研究科, 教授 (20380024)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-07-30 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: リキッドバイオプシー / 歯周病 / 歯周病関連疾患 / マクロファージ / exosome / 細胞外小胞 / 糖尿病

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Periodontal diseases implicated in the pathology of many systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and rheumatic arthritis. In this study, we tried to provide the liquid biopsy which collectively detect the risk of many types of periodontal diseases associated diseases. The macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis were cultured under diabetes mellitus-like conditions. The exosomes were isolated from condition medium and microRNAs contained in exosomes were analyzed using microarray. We identified four microRNA species which increased by high glucose and AGE. The further investigations are needed to evaluate their potential as liquid biopsy for periodontal diseases associated diseases.

Free Research Field

口腔保健学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究が目指すリキッドバイオプシーは、「歯周病に罹患しているため特に関連疾患の発症に注意が必要な患者」を特異的にスクリーニングし、“複数の”歯周病関連疾患リスクを一括して検出できる。これは、がんなどを検出する既存のリキッドバイオプシーには無い革新的な特性であり、実現すれば国民の健康に大きく寄与できる。
本研究では、糖尿病モデル環境下で歯周病原菌に感染したマクロファージexosomeから、実際に4種類のmicroRNAを抽出することができた。これらmicroRNAが本リキッドバイオプシーに応用できる可能性がある。