2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Research on role of intestinal flora and mucosal immune response in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection
| Project/Area Number |
20K22792
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
0803:Pathology, infection/immunology, and related fields
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| Research Institution | Gihu University of Medical Science |
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Principal Investigator |
Tokoro Shunji 岐阜医療科学大学, 薬学部, 講師 (10551088)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2020-09-11 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 腸内細菌叢 / 腸管出血性大腸菌 / 腸内感染制御 / 生物多様性 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In similar microbial environments, isolated populations and individuals within them maintain a unique diversity of gut microbiota. This diversity is characterized by the number and evenness of constituent bacterial species, as well as phylogenetic differences (relatedness and unrelatedness).
In the intestines of mice with a normal microbiota, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 temporarily resides but is quickly expelled. The invasion of EHEC into the gut alters the diversity of the gut microbiota. It is suggested that low-resilience microbiota, which exhibit rapid changes in diversity, and the presence of specific bacterial groups, may enhance the infectivity of EHEC in the intestines.
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| Free Research Field |
腸内細菌学、病原微生物学、生物多様性
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は、腸内細菌叢の多様性と病原菌の感染性の関係を明らかにし、健康維持および疾病予防における重要な知見を提供する。特に、低い多様性や特定の菌群の存在が腸管出血性大腸菌O157:H7の感染リスクを高めることを示唆しており、腸内細菌叢の頑健性（構成菌種の数および均等性、並びに系統差が一定の範囲で維持され、変動しても元の状態に戻る性質）が感染症予防に寄与する可能性を示している。これにより、プロバイオティクス、プレバイオティクス、およびシンバオイティクスの利用や食生活の改善を通じた腸内環境の管理が、実践的な感染症対策として期待される。
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