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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Molecular basis for biosynthetic and degradation systems for tRNA sulfur-modified bases

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21H02436
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 43030:Functional biochemistry-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Shigi Naoki  国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 生命工学領域, 副ラボ長 (20392623)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 堀谷 正樹  佐賀大学, 農学部, 准教授 (80532134)
竹内 恒  東京大学, 大学院薬学系研究科(薬学部), 教授 (20581284)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
KeywordstRNA / 転写後修飾 / 修飾塩基 / 硫黄 / 活性化硫黄 / 無酸素実験 / NMR
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We elucidated the molecular basis of the metabolic mechanisms of sulfur modification of sulfur-modified bases of RNA, which are essential for survival. We analyzed the mechanism of the "sulfur transfer reaction" which is realized only when sulfur-transfer proteins and RNA sulfur transferases work dynamically in an appropriate sequence, by analyzing the reaction kinetics and structural spectroscopic analysis using experimental equipment under anoxia, and proposed a common fundamental principle underlying these reaction mechanism.

Free Research Field

生化学、酵素学、分子生物学、RNA生物学、微生物学、硫黄代謝

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

硫黄RNA修飾の代謝を支える酵素反応機構の共通基盤原理と生物学的意義についての理解を深化させた。今後本成果を発展させ、生物間での差異を詳細に解明し応用展開を進める基盤を構築した。将来的には、硫黄修飾異常が関与するミトコンドリア病、糖尿病、がん等の疾病の治療法の開発や、結核菌やマラリア原虫といった病原微生物等に特異的に作用する抗生剤の創出に資することによって、喫緊の社会課題である健康長寿社会の実現を目指す。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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