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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Effects of maternal undernutrition on offspring brain development via a newly discovered GABAergic CRH release pathway

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21H02661
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 48020:Physiology-related
Research InstitutionHamamatsu University School of Medicine

Principal Investigator

FUKUDA Atsuo  浜松医科大学, 医学部, 特命研究教授 (50254272)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 才津 浩智  浜松医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (40402838)
和氣 弘明  名古屋大学, 医学系研究科, 教授 (90455220)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
KeywordsGABA / CRH / AgRP / KCC2 / NKCC1 / セロトニン
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We demonstrated in an adult animal model that the GABAergic CRH release pathway (novel HPA axis) mediated by specific Cl- homeostasis is the glucocorticoid release pathway during undernutrition. The histological development of the HPA axis in fetuses was completed around postnatal day 0 for the conventional HPA axis, and the novel axis was delayed around postnatal day 7. The physiological development of the conventional HPA axis was identified using the GABA reversal potential and GABAergic IPSCs of CRH cells. A fetal undernutrition model was created by restricting maternal food intake during the late stages of pregnancy. We observed a decrease in maternal body weight and an increase in maternal and fetal blood corticosterone, suggesting that maternal malnutrition affects the Cl- homeostasis of fetal CRH cells, weakening the postnatal GABAergic inhibitory power and stimulating the HPA axis.

Free Research Field

神経生理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

視床下部‐下垂体―副腎皮質(HPA)軸の刺激経路として、ストレスでは副腎髄質や交感神経系が知られている。低栄養による活性化に関しては、これまで確かな証拠がなかった。我々が以前発見した特異的Cl-ホメオスタシスによるGABA作動性CRH放出経路が、栄養状態をモニターするHPA軸とのリンクであることを、今回示すことができた。我が国では低出生体重児が年間約10万人にも達し問題化しているが、この栄養状態と関連するGABA作動性CRH放出経路が、妊娠中の低栄養によって活性化されると、胎仔のHPA軸など脳発達にも影響することを初めて明らかにした。今後の臨床研究への展開も期待できる意義のある成果である。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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