2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
The Enlightenment of the Body in Modern Germany: An Ideological Study of Philanthropic Physical Education
| Project/Area Number |
21K00449
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 02040:European literature-related
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| Research Institution | Fukuoka University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 身体 / 体育 / グーツムーツ / ヤーン / 汎愛主義 / ナショナリズム / 愛国主義 / 生政治 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
J.C.F. GutsMuths, a philanthropic educator, sought to develop and popularize Gymnastik as a means of cultivating competent citizens. The initial goal was the growth and perfection of each individual through exercise for exercise's sake, prompted by intrinsic motivation. It was an attempt at what might be called physical enlightenment, but after Napoleon's occupation of Germany, GutsMuths took a rightward turn and, together with F.L. Jahn, began to promote physical education for the state. This, however, was not a political inflection. The goal of philanthropic physical education, which was to nurture useful bodies that could play a role in the coming civil society and nation-state, already contained the opportunity to develop into patriotism and nationalism.
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| Free Research Field |
ドイツ近代思想
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
グーツムーツの汎愛主義体育は、主に体育学・教育学の分野で歴史的観点から研究されてきたが、本研究は彼の著作の言説分析をおこなうことにより、その思想的特性を明らかにした。
すなわちグーツムーツは、個人の身体活動に公共的価値を見いだし、身体的陶冶が自分のためにも社会のためにもなると考えた。彼の主張に従えば、体育によって我々は個人化と社会化という教育上の二律背反を克服しうる。しかし別の角度から見るとそれは、近代市民の価値観を個人の身体に浸透させる仕掛けにほかならない。
スポーツとナショナリズムや権力との関係が取り沙汰されるとき、近代体育の形成原理となった生政治的志向を意識することは重要であろう。
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