2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Anglo-Japanese Encounters and Exchanges in Modern Maritime Culture
| Project/Area Number |
21K00455
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 02050:Literature in general-related
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
Hashimoto Yorimitsu 大阪大学, 大学院人文学研究科(人文学専攻、芸術学専攻、日本学専攻), 教授 (80334613)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 倭寇 / 朱印船 / アウグスティヌス / ピーター・パーレー / パーシー逸話集 / ジョン・デイヴィス / ジェイムズ・マードック / 鈴木秀次 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Since the opening of Japan(1854), maritime culture has been promoted in the country. In line with the naval expansion of the 1890s, the wako, or Japanese pirates in the 17th century were evaluated as being the vanguard of an overseas expansionist movement, similar to the British privateers. This inclination was encouraged when anecdote about Alexander the Great and a pirate was being circulated through Peter Parley’s Universal History, as well as via the murder of John Davis by Japanese pirates, as popularized by James Murdoch (1903). Takekoshi Yosaburo (1920) established the contention that Japanese pirates would have built an empire spanning East Asia if a policy of isolation had not been implemented. This contention was repeated by former Admiral Ballard (1921) when the renewal of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance was being discussed. Ballard’s assessment was intended to highlight the importance of the Royal Navy; however, his account was used in Japan to stimulate Japanese imperialism.
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| Free Research Field |
比較文学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
アレクサンドロス大王と海賊の逸話は、元々はキケロに由来し、アウグスティヌスによって広められた。軍団を使用しての侵略が皇帝なら許されるのに対し、小規模な船による略奪は海賊として弾劾されるという批判は、例えば帝国主義とテロリズムは区別できないとするチョムスキーの『海賊と皇帝』（2002）にまで継承されている。この逸話が、ピーター・パーレーの『万国史』や『パーシー逸話集』など、明治期に教科書でもよく読まれた作品で紹介され、倭寇の再評価に援用されたことはこれまで指摘がなかった。このことにより、近代日本の海洋国家構想と海洋文化振興を、世界史的・現代的な意義の下で再考する視点がもたらされると期待されよう。
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