2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Ensuring consumer trust in online platform transactions
| Project/Area Number |
21K01226
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 05060:Civil law-related
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| Research Institution | Kokugakuin University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | デジタルプラットフォーム規制 / デジタルサービス法（ＤＳＡ）規則 / ＥＵ法 / 消費者法 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The recent rise of electronic transactions via digital platforms ("DPFs") such as Amazon, Rakuten Ichiba, or Airbnb has changed the existing market structure and thrown up new issues for consumer law in Japan. In this research, I surveyed and analyzed European Union (EU) law, as well as the legal situation and academic debate in various European member states (especially Germany) regarding the liability of DPFs. In particular, with regard to the EU Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act), this research was able to identify the overall picture and characteristics of the regulation, and one model in particular regarding the liability of transactional DPFs.
In addition, I also analyzed various provisions of the German Civil Code, which was amended in 2022 to address legal issues in online subscriptions.
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| Free Research Field |
民法、消費者法、ＥＵ法
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では、特にＥＵで初めて包括的なＤＰＦ規制を行うデジタルサービス法規則について検討をした。従来、消費者、取引事業者およびＤＰＦ事業者の三角契約という構造のために、消費者と取引事業者間の関係についてＤＰＦ事業者の民事責任を問うことが理論的に難しかった。このため、ＥＵ法では、従来の枠組みを採用せず、こうした取引構造においてＤＰＦ事業者が果たしている役割に応じてＤＰＦ事業者自身が負うべき段階的な義務を課すという新たな枠組みをとるとともに、その義務違反について公的執行だけでなく、私的執行の可能性を認められた。本研究の意義は、こうした新たな規制モデルの特徴と全体像を明らかにすることができた点にある。
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