2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Neural mechanisms of a knowledge reorganization in the human brain
| Project/Area Number |
21K07264
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 51020:Cognitive and brain science-related
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| Research Institution | Tokai University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 脳 / fMRI / 記憶 / 学習 / 知識獲得 / スキーマ / ヒト |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
When people acquire new information, they usually do so relative to the preexisting framework of knowledge, called a schema. Schema accommodation is a phenomenon in which people acquire information that they cannot accept as it is because it is incongruent with their existing schema, by reorganizing the schema itself. In this study, we investigated the neural mechanism of schema accommodation using an experimental paradigm called the reversal description task, which was developed by the authors. The results showed that a brain region called the executive network plays a role in schema accommodation. This region is thought to be particularly involved in deliberative processes. Therefore, it is suggested that deliberation plays an important role in schema accommodation.
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| Free Research Field |
神経科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
スキーマ依存の知識獲得には，上述のスキーマ調節に加え，スキーマに整合な情報をスキーマ自体には大きな変更を起こさずに獲得するスキーマ同化がある．スキーマ同化は起こりやすい現象であるがゆえに実験もしやすく，関与する脳部位は相当に確立されている．一方のスキーマ調節は，重要であるが頻繁に起こる現象ではないため，実験が難しく，その神経メカニズムはほとんど未解明だった．本研究の成果は，そのスキーマ調節の神経メカニズムの一端を初めて明らかにしたものであり，記憶・学習の神経科学において大きな意味を持つ．加えて，本研究が明らかにしたものは人の柔軟な知の基盤であり，それを促進する技術の開発にもつながりうる．
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