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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Molecular therapy of replication-competent adenoviruses targeting characteristic gene mutations found in mesothelioma

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K08199
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53030:Respiratory medicine-related
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

TAGAWA Masatoshi  千葉大学, 大学院医学研究院, 特任教授 (20171572)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords悪性中皮腫 / 遺伝子変異 / p53経路 / MDM2阻害剤 / FAK阻害剤 / 細胞傷害活性
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Mesothelioma has characteristic genetic changes, deletion of the INK4A/ARF region and mutation of NF2 gene. The deleted region induces loss of the p53 pathways and uninhibited cell cycle despite the p53 genotype being wild-type. The NF2 mutation is linked with the FAK pathway. We investigated combinatory effects of adenoviruses defective of E1B55kDa (Ad-E1B) and MDM2 inhibitors in mesothelioma with wild-type and mutated p53. Ad-E1B augmented p53 levels in wild-type p53 mesothelioma and MDM2 inhibitors also up-regulated the p53 expression. The combination showed synergistic cytotoxicity through increased viral replications and the ATM-Chk2 pathway. Expression of NFI, one of the cellular factors responsible for Ad replications, increased in the combination. Deletion of p53 or NFI with siRNAs inhibited the synergism and demonstrated reciprocal regulation between NFI and p53. We also showed that FAK and MDM2 inhibitors produced synergistic cytotoxicity by suppressing the AKT pathway.

Free Research Field

分子腫瘍学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

石綿暴露後に発生する悪性中皮腫は、発生部位からして難治性であり、また呼吸機能が減弱した高齢者に多いため、従来とは異なる手法で非侵襲的な治療法が求められる。本研究で使用した遺伝子医薬は胸腔内に投与可能であり、びまん性に進展する当該疾患に有効であり、MDM2・FAK阻害剤は臨床試験で一定の効果が示されている。これらの薬剤は、p53経路が機能的に失活している当該疾患に対して分子標的薬として有用であり、また併用によって相乗的な抗腫瘍効果がみられ、動物モデルでもその有効性が示された。この過程でNFI分子の作用が明らかになり、p53分子との相補的な関係が初めて明らかになった。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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