2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of anti-leukemic NK cells arising after cord blood transplantation and examination of their ex vivo induction methods
| Project/Area Number |
21K08363
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 54010:Hematology and medical oncology-related
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| Research Institution | Yamagata University (2023)
Tohoku University (2021-2022) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 臍帯血移植 / NK細胞 / KIRリガンド不適合 / 急性骨髄性白血病 / 移植後再発 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study demonstrated that the impact of KIR ligand mismatch on cord blood transplantation (CBT) varies according to the GVHD prophylaxis method. Specifically, the beneficial effects on overall survival and relapse rates attributed to KIR2DL1-ligand mismatch were observed exclusively with the use of calcineurin inhibitors and methotrexate for GVHD prophylaxis. This impact was especially significant in CBTs performed for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Furthermore, gene expression analysis in NK cells post-CBT indicated that the NK cell gene expression in CBT with KIR3DL1 ligand mismatch and cytomegalovirus reactivation were distinct from the other CBT. Additionally, the presence or absence of KIR ligand mismatch in CBT was found to be associated with changes in NK cell gene expression.
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| Free Research Field |
血液内科
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究結果は臍帯血移植の治療成績の向上に有用である。また、同種造血幹細胞移植における最大の課題である移植後再発の克服に向けた、NK細胞の利用にも活用できる知見が得られた。さらに、将来的に細胞療法としてNK細胞を活用していくにあたり、効率的なNK細胞の培養、増幅に必要な知見となり得る。今後、NK細胞による養子免疫細胞療法等の開発にも貢献できると考えられる
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