Elucidation the mechanism between western diet and carcinogenesis via gut microbiome

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K08686
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 55020:Digestive surgery-related
• Research Institution: Kumamoto University
• Principal Investigator: Arima Kota 熊本大学, 大学院生命科学研究部(医), 特定研究員 (10792616)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 石本 崇胤 熊本大学, 病院, 特任教授 (00594889)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 腸内細菌叢 / コリバクチン産生大腸菌 / 大腸癌 / 西洋型食生活

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We hypothesized that the association of western-style diet (rich in red and processed meat) with colorectal cancer incidence might be stronger for tumors containing higher amounts of pks+ E. coli.
The association of the western diet score with colorectal cancer incidence was stronger for tumors containing higher levels of pks+ E. coli. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for the highest tertile of the western diet score were 3.45 for pks+ E. coli-high tumors, 1.22 for pks+ E. coli-low tumors, and 1.10 for pks+ E. coli-negative tumors. We have found that the association of western diet with colorectal cancer incidence is stronger for tumors containing higher amounts of pks+ E. coli. Our findings provide evidence supporting the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the pathogenic link between diet and colorectal cancer. This study also underscores the importance of diet as a modifiable factor that may contribute to cancer prevention.

Free Research Field

消化器外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

赤身肉や高脂肪食を中心とした食事である西洋型食生活が特定の細菌・毒素を介して明らかに大腸がんの発癌リスクを高めることが示唆された。医療費および薬剤費が年々膨大となる本邦において、予防医療は今後益々重要になる研究分野の一つである。食生活による大腸癌発癌リスク著増を示す当研究は、国民に対して食生活において警鐘を鳴らす一報となり、また癌研究においては腸内細菌叢と大腸癌発癌におけるメカニズム解明の一助となると思われる。