Development of equipment that enables quick evacuation to the upper floors of facilities for the elderly in the event of a tsunami or flood

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K12810
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 90150:Medical assistive technology-related
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University of Science
• Principal Investigator: Tomoya Miyasaka 北海道科学大学, 保健医療学部, 教授 (10404758)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 避難 / 高齢者施設 / 津波・水害 / 屋内安全確保

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to develop an evacuation device model in which two caregivers evacuate a person who has difficulty in self-evacuating to the floor by themselves, and to show the time required for the evacuation. The model is foldable, and the person who has difficulty evacuating by himself/herself can get on the model by transferring the caregiver.
The two caregivers with a combined grip strength of 89 kg were able to pull the dummy from staircase 1 to staircase 2 via the landing in an average of 29.1±8.1 seconds, indicating that the model could be used for evacuation. On the other hand, the caregiver pair with a combined grip strength of 54 kg took an average of 49.0±23.0 seconds to pull up staircase 1. We considered that the caregiver pair with a small grip strength needed a power source to assist human power.

Free Research Field

リハビリテーション科学、福祉工学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

近年の津波や水害による被害発生により、高齢者施設などでは、屋外の高台などへの避難が間に合わない場合、建物の階上に垂直避難、退避をする屋内安全確保が国土交通省の水害ハザードマップの手引きなどで示されている。高齢者施設では多くの自力では避難が困難な入所者が多く、また介助、避難をするスタッフの人数にも限りがある。本研究の成果により、階段階上へ介助を伴う避難行動を支援する手段の選択肢を広げることが期待できる。