Identification of photoperiod-related genes contributes to ecotype differentiation in common buckwheat

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K14838
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
• Principal Investigator: Takeshima Ryoma 国立研究開発法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 作物研究部門, 研究員 (70806603)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 普通ソバ / 生態型 / 日長応答 / 成熟期 / 遺伝資源 / QTL

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aims to identify the related trait and genetic locus of ecotype differentiation in common buckwheat. We showed that ecotype differentiation is mainly defined by the timing of seed set and maturation, whereas flowering time is less relevant. Thus, we focused on maturity time as a trait that defines the ecotype. We also detected two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for maturity time. Furthermore, we also detected QTLs for flowering time at loci different from maturity time QTLs, which suggests that different genetic mechanisms regulate flowering and maturity.

Free Research Field

植物遺伝育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ソバの生態型は日長応答性により「感光性の弱い夏型・強い秋型・その中間型」に大別され、夏型（早生）品種は長日条件となる高緯度地域または春まき栽培に、秋型（晩生）品種は短日条件となる低緯度地域や夏まき栽培で利用される。生態型を制御する遺伝子を明らかにし、育種に利用可能なマーカーを開発できれば、栽培地域・作期に応じた最適な生態型を示す品種のデザインが可能となり、収量性・品質の最大化が図れる。また、「高品質な秋型品種の夏型化」のような生態型改変育種が可能となれば、ソバの需要が高まる夏に高品質な新ソバを提供できるため、高付加価値の国産ブランドソバとしての売出しも期待できる。