2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation and application of neuroregenerative effects of human skull-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured in microgravity environment.
| Project/Area Number |
21K16609
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 56010:Neurosurgery-related
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| Research Institution | Hiroshima University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 神経再生 / 間葉系幹細胞 / 頭蓋骨 / 脳梗塞 / 模擬微小重力 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
For regenerative medicine of the nervous system, the principal investigators have focused on cranial mesenchymal stem cells derived from neural crest cells and reported their effects on neurological diseases such as cerebral infarction.
In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of cranial mesenchymal stem cells on a rat model of spinal cord injury and found that they induced significant recovery of neurological function through anti-inflammatory and anti-cell death effects mediated by neurotrophic factors. In addition, we cultured mesenchymal stem cells in a microgravity environment for efficient cell therapy, and found that adaptive reorganization of the cytoskeleton may induce changes in cell characteristics, such as increased dendritic spines and increased synaptic transmission.
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| Free Research Field |
脳神経外科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
我々は重症神経疾患に対する細胞治療の間葉系幹細胞ソースとして，神経再生に有利な頭蓋骨間葉系幹細胞に注目し、基礎研究を行っている。間葉系幹細胞は安全で有用な再生医療の細胞ソースとして注目されているが，一方で骨髄内の有核細胞に占める間葉系幹細胞数は加齢とともに減少することなど，問題点も存在する．
本研究によって，模擬微小重力環境下での培養と移植効果を検証し、より機能回復の効率の良い細胞治療としての可能性を見出した．動物モデルをつかって脳梗塞・脊髄損傷などの重症神経疾患への細胞治療応用を実証し，作用機序の解明をふくめた再生医療の発展に資する研究となった．
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