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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Immunomodulatory mechanisms via improvement of thymic function by dental pulp stem cell transplantation.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K16932
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 57010:Oral biological science-related
Research InstitutionKyushu University

Principal Investigator

Sonoda Soichiro  九州大学, 歯学研究院, 助教 (10831985)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords胸腺間葉系ストロマ細胞 / 制御性T細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Recently, it has been reported that thymic mesenchymal cells play an essential role in the selection of normal T cells, and their dysfunction is considered an etiological factor in autoimmune diseases. In this study, we focused on the selection mechanism of regulatory T cells in the thymus and examined their relationship with thymic mesenchymal stromal cells. Thymic mesenchymal stromal cells and CD4 single cells were isolated from mouse thymus and co-cultured. In direct co-cultures, CD4 single positive cells differentiated into CD4 and CD25 positive regulatory T cells, which were shown to be induced by thymic medulary mesenchymal stromal cells-like cells.

Free Research Field

間葉系ストロマ細胞

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

胸腺では、皮質および髄質のそれぞれに特異的に局在するストロマ細胞によって、部位特異的な刺激によってT細胞の成熟・分化が促されることが知られている。本研究により、胸腺髄質間葉系ストロマ細胞が制御性T細胞の胸腺内における部位依存的な分化を担っていることが示唆された。制御性T細胞は免疫自己寛容を司る細胞であり、自己免疫疾患などの免疫の過剰反応を伴う疾患の病因に深く関わっていると考えられている。本研究成果によって、免疫の過剰反応を伴う疾患における、制御性T細胞の賦活化を可能にしうる新たな治療標的として胸腺髄質間葉系ストロマ細胞が有力な候補であることを示すことができた。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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