2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Construction of Measures to Mitigate Landslide Damage by Controlling the Structure and Plan Configuration of Housing and the Way of Living

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	21K18757
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 23:Architecture, building engineering, and related fields
Research Institution	Hokkaido University
Principal Investigator	NAKASHIMA TADAYOSHI 北海道大学, 工学研究院, 准教授 (60557841)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	小篠隆生北海道大学, 工学研究院, 准教授 (00250473) 植松武是北海学園大学, 工学部, 教授 (60462347)
Project Period (FY)	2021-07-09 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	土砂災害 / 個別要素法 / ドローン / 点群データ / アンケート調査 / 倒壊 / 減災戦略 / 人的被害
Outline of Final Research Achievements	This study aims to formulate new disaster mitigation measures by conducting building collapse simulations that take into account not only the structure of the house and the planar arrangement of rooms, etc., but also the way in which the house is lived, and by clarifying the collapse process. Specifically, the first isA questionnaire survey was conducted on households living in houses on slopes to understand the actual conditions of the houses and households. Second, a 3D model of the slopes and houses was constructed using the plan view of the houses obtained from the questionnaire survey and the slope information obtained from the results of the drone aerial photography survey. Third, the discrete element method was used to collide the houses with earth and sand, and the collapse mechanism of the houses was clarified. Finally, methods to reduce the risk of human casualties were studied with reference to the collapse mechanism.
Free Research Field	都市防災
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究の成果は、国民の約5％が居住している土砂災害の危険を有する地域において、人的被害発生リスクを低減させる施策を立案すべく、建物倒壊過程を明らかにした。また、この結果を用い建物の倒壊時における人的被害発生危険性の高い居室を明らかにするとともに、住宅を含む現有の建物のリスク軽減や新設時において有益な情報となる斜面近傍の建物において土砂災害による人的被害発生リスクを軽減するための住まい方について提案を行った。