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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Analyzing the molecular basis of kokumi function in food proteins

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K19092
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 38:Agricultural chemistry and related fields
Research InstitutionUniversity of Shizuoka

Principal Investigator

Ito Keisuke  静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 准教授 (40580460)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 寺田 祐子  静岡県立大学, 食品栄養科学部, 助教 (80767632)
Project Period (FY) 2021-07-09 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsおいしさ / 味覚 / ペプチド / コク / calcium-sensing receptor / 受容体解析 / 食品タンパク質 / リゾチーム
Outline of Final Research Achievements

"Koku" is a term widely used to describe the rich taste of food. Previous studies have reported that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) functions as a receptor for "kokumi" substances. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which lysozyme, identified by us as a novel CaSR agonist, activates CaSR. By synthesizing peptides based on the amino acid sequence of lysozyme and evaluating CaSR response, we identified a lysozyme-derived peptide (CAAKFESNFNTQATN) that activates CaSR. We successfully determined the minimal unit and critical amino acid residues necessary for CaSR activation. These findings are expected to advance the understanding of CaSR activation mechanisms by food proteins.

Free Research Field

食品化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

“コク”という語はおいしい食品を表現する際に頻繁に用いられるが、その分子メカニズムは不明であった。さらに、高分子であるタンパク質がどのようにしてCaSRを活性化するのかは不明であった。本研究の最も大きな意義は、これまでの味覚科学には無かった新しい概念「タンパク質のコク味機能」の分子実態の一端を解明したことである。本研究成果は、調味素材としての食品タンパク質成分の用途開発にとどまらず、未だ不明なコク味の分子メカニズムを解き明かす重要な手がかりとなる。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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