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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Developing methods to improve neuronal function by targeting membrane fluidity in neurons.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K19342
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 47:Pharmaceutical sciences and related fields
Research InstitutionNagoya City University

Principal Investigator

Hattori Mitsuharu  名古屋市立大学, 医薬学総合研究院(薬学), 教授 (60272481)

Project Period (FY) 2021-07-09 – 2023-03-31
Keywords神経細胞 / 精神神経疾患 / 細胞膜 / 脂質 / スフィンゴミエリン / リーリン
Outline of Final Research Achievements

It is well known that the lipid composition of neuronal cell membranes differs significantly from that of other cell membranes, but the mechanism underlying this difference and its full biological significance remain largely unresolved. In this study, we reviewed the function of neurons from the viewpoint of membrane fluidity and aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of lipid molecules constituting the plasma membrane and the local fluidity of neurons. We partly clarified the regulatory mechanism of the amount of sphingomyelin, a lipid necessary for the functional regulation of many proteins on the neuronal membrane, and found that fluidity is higher in the growth cone of neurons (the tip of neurites) than in other parts of the cell. This study provides validity to a new hypothesis regarding the onset and exacerbation of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Free Research Field

分子神経科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

疫学研究から、脳における多価不飽和脂肪酸(PUFA)の減少が統合失調症や記憶障害などの精神神経疾患の悪化要因であることが強く示唆されている。また、PUFAが神経細胞(特にシナプス)で重要な機能をもつことは判っている。しかし、個々のPUFA分子が個別に重要な意義をもつのか、または、生体膜における炭素数と二重結合数のバランス(≒膜流動性)が重要なのかは不明である。本研究は、脳の機能に重要なリーリンという分泌タンパク質が統合失調症や記憶障害などの発症に関与する機構と、膜流動性の調節機構という、二つの(一見)独立した問題を結びつけたという点で大きな価値をもつと考えている。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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