Generation of immunomodulatory type of mast cells for the treatment of allergic diseases

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K19494
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 54:Internal medicine of the bio-information integration and related fields
• Research Institution: Chiba University
• Principal Investigator: Kurashima Yosuke 千葉大学, 大学院医学研究院, 准教授 (30729372)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-07-09 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: アレルギー / マスト細胞 / 脱感作 / 制御性T細胞 / 減感作療法 / アレルギー免疫療法 / サイトカイン / 食物アレルギー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

While allergen immunotherapy is an effective treatment, there can be significant differences in the occurrence of serious adverse reactions, such as anaphylaxis. The adverse reaction leads to the discontinuation of treatment. In the case of oral immunotherapy, it has shown effectiveness in allergy treatment, but it is still in the clinical research stage, and the therapeutic mechanism is not yet clear, nor have any biomarkers to assess treatment efficacy or side effects been identified. Therefore, it is urgent to identify biomarkers or predictive factors for side effects that can indicate the effectiveness and durability of treatment processes through the elucidation of the therapeutic mechanism. In this study, single-cell analysis of mast cells revealed that among multiple activation pathways, one pathway is crucial for maintaining mast cell desensitization status, depending on the strength and frequency of allergen stimulation.

Free Research Field

免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、アレルギーの根治を目指したアレルギー抑制型マスト細胞誘導機序の解明と活用を目指し、アレルギー治療につながるマスト細胞の単細胞解析データを得た。得られた結果から、新たなバイオマーカー・予測因子の候補が見出され、今後はアレルギー治療患者での解析を通じて効果的な脱感作のマーカーの同定からアレルギー疾患の治療への貢献を目指す。