Development of novel bone regeneration therapy using exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K21060
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0907:Oral science and related fields
• Research Institution: Niigata University
• Principal Investigator: TAKEUCHI Ryoko 新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 専任助教 (00911603)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-08-30 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 骨再生 / エクソソーム / 培養上清 / 骨髄間葉系幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In vitro, conditioned media from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) was collected and exosomes were extracted. In addition, MCP-1, which is involved in macrophage polarity conversion, was extracted from MSC-CM and the content in MSC-CM was examined. These were then used in experiments to examine the expression of bone formation-related genes and macrophage polarity-related genes. In vivo, a rat calvaria bone defect model was created and materials such as MSC-CM, exosomes, and MSC-CM with MCP-1 removed were added to an atelocollagen sponge scaffold, and bone formation was evaluated histologically.
A paper on the research results is currently being submitted.

Free Research Field

口腔外科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまでMSC-CMがパラクライン効果により骨再生を促進することは示してきたが、MSC-CMは多くの液性因子を含んでいるためどの因子がどのような役割を担当しているのか明らかになっていない部分がある。MSC-CMに含有するマクロファージを中心とした免疫応答や炎症制御にどのような役割を担っているかを解明することが、MSC-CMにおける早期の骨再生を検討する上で学術的意義があるといえる。
骨に関わる疾患や外傷などに伴う骨欠損において、この新規骨再生療法の開発は社会的にも大きな役割を担うと考える。