Effects of rotavirus vaccine on circulating strains in Africa

2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22406014
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 海外学術
• Research Field: Virology
• Research Institution: Nagasaki University
• Principal Investigator: NAKAGOMI Toyoko 長崎大学, 医歯(薬)学総合研究科, 准教授 (40155693)
• Project Period (FY): 2010-04-01 – 2014-03-31
• Keywords: ロタウイルス / ワクチン / 遺伝子型 / 全ゲノム解析 / アフリカ / マラウイ

Research Abstract

Safe and efficacious vaccines have been introduced to protect children from rotavirus, a major cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. This study aimed at providing a molecular epidemiologic basis on which to understand the effects of rotavirus vaccines on circulating wild-type rotavirus strains by analyzing clinical samples collected from children admitted to a sentinel hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. This study revealed that Malawian G8 strains evolved over the last decade through genetic reassortment with other human rotaviruses, changing their VP4 genotypes while maintaining conserved genotype constellations for the remaining structural and non-structural proteins. Analysis of Malawian G12P[6] strains and representative, co-circulating strains provided molecular evidence for complex stages of reassortment events that a G12 VP7 gene donor strain underwent with contemporary, locally-circulating strains possessing different genetic backgrounds.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] G8 rotaviruses with conserved genotype constellations detected in Malawi over 10 years (1997-2007) display frequent gene reassortment among strains co-circulating in humans (2013)
  • Author(s): Nakagomi T, Doan YH, Dove W, Ngwira B, Iturriza-Gomara M, Nakagomi O, Cunliffe NA
  • Journal Title: J Gen Virol Volume: 94 Pages: 1273-1295
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Detection and molecular characterisation of noroviruses in hospitalised children in Malawi, 1997-2007 (2013)
  • Author(s): Trainor E, Lopman B, Iturriza-Gomara M, Dove W, Ngwira B, Nakagomi O, Nakagomi T, Parashar U, Cunliffe N
  • Journal Title: J Med Virol Volume: 85(7) Pages: 1299-1306
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Identification by full genome analysis of a bovine rotavirus transmitted directly to, and causing diarrhea in a human child (2013)
  • Author(s): Doan YH, Nakagomi T, Aboudy Y, Silberstein I, Behar-Novat E, Nakagomi O, Shulman LM
  • Journal Title: J Clin Microbiol Volume: 51(1) Pages: 182-189
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Molecular characterization of rotavirus strains detected during a clinical trial of a human rotavirus vaccine in Blantyre, Malawi (2011)
  • Author(s): Nakagomi T, Nakagomi O, Dove W, Doan YH, Witte D, Ngwira B, Todd S, Duncan Steele A, Neuzil KM, Cunliffe NA
  • Journal Title: Vaccine Volume: 30 Suppl 1 Pages: A140-151
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] G8 rotaviruses with conserved genotype constellations detected in Malawi over 10 years display frequent gene reassortment among strains co-circulating in humans (2013)
  • Author(s): Nakagomi T
  • Organizer: 15th International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) in the Pacific Rim
  • Place of Presentation: Singapore
  • Year and Date: 20130300
• [Presentation] Full-genome analysis of G8 rotavirus strains in Malawi over a 10-year-period (2012)
  • Author(s): Nakagomi T, Doan YH, Dove W. Iturriza-Gomara M, Ngwera B, Nakagomi, O, Cunliffe N
  • Organizer: The 11th International Symposium on Double-Stranded RNA Viruses
  • Place of Presentation: Puerto Rico, USA
  • Year and Date: 20121127-1201
• [Presentation] Molecular characterization of rotavirus strains detected during a clinical trial of a human rotavirus vaccine in Blantyre, Malawi (2011)
  • Author(s): Nakagomi T, Nakagomi O, Dove W, Doan YH, Witte D, Ngwira B, Todd S, Steele AD, Neuzil KM, Han HH, Cunliffe NA
  • Organizer: XV International Congress of Virology
  • Place of Presentation: Sapporo
  • Year and Date: 20110911-16