2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Biology of diversity and asymmetry of membrane lipids
| Project/Area Number |
24229003
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Pathological medical chemistry
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| Research Institution | National Center for Global Health and Medicine (2013-2016)
The University of Tokyo (2012) |
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Principal Investigator |
Shimizu Takao 国立研究開発法人国立国際医療研究センター, その他部局等, プロジェクト長 (80127092)
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| Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) |
NAKAMURA Motonao 岡山理科大学, 理学部, 教授 (40431762)
KITA Yoshihiro 東京大学, 医学部ライフサイエンス支援室, 准教授 (20401028)
TOKUOKA Suzumi 東京大学, 医学部社会連携講座, 特任助教 (60511376)
SHINDOU Hideo 国立国際医療研究センター, 脂質シグナリングプロジェクト, 副プロジェクト長 (10401027)
HISHIKAWA Daisuke 国立国際医療研究センター, 脂質シグナリングプロジェクト, 上級研究員 (10569966)
YOSHIDA Tomomi 国立国際医療研究センター, 脂質シグナリングプロジェクト, 上級研究員 (30610216)
HARAYAMA Takeshi 国立国際医療研究センター, 脂質シグナリングプロジェクト, 研究員 (50610218)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2012-05-31 – 2017-03-31
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| Keywords | グリセロリン脂質 / アシル転位酵素 / アラキドン酸 / ドコサヘキサエン酸 / 肺サーファクタント / トリグリセリド輸送 / 脂質可視化 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Glycerophospholipids in cellular membrane possess two distinct fatty acids at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. Combined with 6 different polar heads, glycerophospholipids consists of over 1,000 different species. While the membrane phospholipid diversity appears essential for specific cellular functions, information is limited on the role of individual phospholipids for cellular functions.
We isolated several lysophospholipid acyltransferases and bred their gene knockout mice, and established a new method to profile lipid mediators and phospholipids by LC-MS. We found that change in fatty acid species of glycerophospholipids relates to multiple abnormalities such as pulmonary surfactant dysfunction, failure of triglyceride transport in liver and intestine, retinal degeneration, male infertility and neuropathic pain, depending on the change of specific fatty acids. These studies provide an insight for disease mechanism, and novel therapeutic strategy to above disorders.
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| Free Research Field |
脂質生化学
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