始原天体物質に含まれる固体有機物の立体化学：反応熱分解キラルＧＣＭＳ分析法の開発

2014 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 24684040
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: 薮田 ひかる 大阪大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 助教 (30530844)
• Project Period (FY): 2012-04-01 – 2016-03-31
• Keywords: 光学分割 / 隕石 / 固体有機物 / 反応熱分解GCMS

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

今年度当初は隕石中の不溶性有機物（insoluble organic matter, IOM）の熱化学分解を行う予定であったが、反応熱分解装置の故障のため、隕石を溶媒抽出して得られる極性有機化合物のガスクロマトグラフ質量分析装置（GCMS）分析および、IOMの化学分解による分解生成物を分析することに方針を変更した。炭素質コンドライト隕石であるマーチソン隕石の粉末をメタノール溶媒で超音波抽出し、遠心分離後、抽出液を採取し、窒素噴霧下で50 μlに濃縮したものをGCMSで分析した。また、同一試料をマトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間型質量分析計（MALDI/ToF-MS）でも分析し、現在データを比較しながら成分の同定のための解析を進めている。また、残った粉末残渣をフッ化セシウムとフッ酸の混合溶液（CsF/HF、pH=5、1.7-1.8g/cc）および2N塩酸（HCl）で化学処理し、IOMを精製した。その後、過酸化水素H2O2（常温）、クロム酸ナトリウムNa2Cr2O7（85℃、20時間）による酸化分解を段階的に行った（残った残さはプレソーラー粒子の分析に使うため、最終的に過塩素酸HClO4で分解し（200℃、2時間）、シリコンカーバイドSiCを精製した）。次年度はマーチソン隕石中のIOMのアルカリ酸化銅分解を行い、分解生成物から光学異性体を同定し、その光学異性体比を見積もる予定である。

Current Status of Research Progress

3: Progress in research has been slightly delayed.

Reason

本年度９月、反応熱分解GCMS分析に使用していた熱分解装置に不測の故障が生じたため、当装置の修理・調整が必要となり、当初予定していた測定の再開までに2ヶ月間を要した。そのため熱分解装置を用いる実験を延期し、代わりにGCMSだけで可能な分析・実験研究を行った。

Strategy for Future Research Activity

マーチソン隕石から精製した不溶性有機物のアルカリ酸化銅分解を行い、分解生成物をGCMSで分析し光学異性体の存在を調べる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] ToF-SIMS analysis of carbonaceous particles in the sample catcher of the Hayabusa spacecraft (2015)
  • Author(s): Naraoka, H., Aoki, D., Fukushima, K., Uesugi, M., Ito, M., Kitajima, F., Mita, H., Yabuta, H., Takano, Y., Yada, T., Ishibashi, Y., Karouji, Y., Okada, T. and Abe, M.
  • Journal Title: Earth, Planets and Space Volume: 67 Pages: 67
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40623-015-0224-0
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Investigation of the records of earthquake slip in carbonaceous materials from the Taiwan Chelungpu fault by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopies (2015)
  • Author(s): Hirono, T., Maekawa, Y. and Yabuta, H.
  • Journal Title: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems Volume: 16 Pages: 1233-1253
  • DOI: 10.1002/2014GC005622.
  • Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] A micro-Raman and infrared study of the several Hayabusa category 3 (organic) particles (2015)
  • Author(s): Kitajima, F., Uesugi, M., Karouji, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Yada, T., Naraoka, H., Abe, M., Fujimura, A., Ito, M., Yabuta, H., Mita, H., Takano, Y. and Okada, T.
  • Journal Title: Earth, Planets and Space Volume: 67 Pages: 20
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40623-015-0182-6
  • Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopic study of Hayabusa Category 3 carbonaceous particles (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta, H., Uesugi, M., Naraoka, H., Ito, M., Kilcoyne, A. L. D., Sandford, S. A., Kitajima, F., Mita, H., Takano, Y., Yada, T., Karouji, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Okada, T. and Abe, M.
  • Journal Title: Earth, Planets and Space Volume: 66 Pages: 156
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40623-014-0156-0
  • Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Sequential analysis of carbonaceous materials in Hayabusa-returned samples for the determination of their origin (2014)
  • Author(s): Uesugi, M., Naraoka, H., Ito, M., Yabuta, H., Kitajima, F., Takano, Y., Mita, H., Ohnishi, I., Kebukawa, Y., Yada, T., Karouji, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Okada, T. and Abe, M.
  • Journal Title: Earth, Planets and Space Volume: 66 Pages: 102
  • DOI: 10.1186/1880-5981-66-102
  • Open Access / Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Design of a silica-aerogel-based cosmic dust collector for the Tanpopo mission aboard the International Space Station. Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Aerospace Technology Japan. (2014)
  • Author(s): Tabata, M., Imai, E., Yano, H., Hashimoto, H., Kawai, H., Kawaguchi, Y., Kobayashi, K., Mita, H.,, Okudaira, K., Sasaki S., Yabuta, H., Yokobori, S., Yamagishi, A.
  • Journal Title: Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Aerospace Technology Japan Volume: 12 Pages: Pk_21-Pl_27
  • DOI: 10.2322/tastj.12.Pk_29
  • Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Space Exposure of Amino Acids and Their Precursors in the Tanpopo Mission Using the International Space Station. (2014)
  • Author(s): Kobayashi, K., Mita, H., Yabuta, H., Nakagawa, K., Kawamoto, T., Kaneko, T., Obayashi, Y., Kanda, K., Yoshida, S., Narumi, I., Imai, E., Hashimoto, H., Yokobori, S., Yamagishi, A. and Tanpopo WG.
  • Journal Title: Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Aerospace Technology Japan Volume: 12 Pages: Pp_1-Pp_6
  • DOI: 10.2322/tastj.12.Pp_1
  • Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Journal Article] Exploration of Enceladus' water-rich plumes toward understanding of chemistry and biology of the interior ocean (2014)
  • Author(s): Sekine, Y., Takano, Y., Yano, H., Funase, R., Takai, K., Ishihara, M., Shibuya, T., Tachibana, S., Kuramoto, K., Yabuta, H., Kimura, J. and Furukawa, Y.
  • Journal Title: Transactions of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Aerospace Technology Japan Volume: 12 Pages: Tk7- Tk11
  • DOI: 10.2322/tastj.12.Tk_7
  • Acknowledgement Compliant
• [Presentation] Expansion of Organic Cosmochemistry in the New Era of Small Body Missions (2015)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H.
  • Organizer: The 3rd ELSI International Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: 東京工業大学地球生命研究所，大岡山
  • Year and Date: 2015-01-13 – 2015-01-13
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] X-ray absorption spectroscopic study of carbonaceous materials from Hayabusa-returned samples (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H., Uesugi M., Naraoka H., Ito M., Kilcoyne D., Sandford S. A., Kitajima F., Mita H., Takano Y., Yada T., Karouji Y., Ishibashi Y., Okada T. and Abe M.
  • Organizer: はやぶさシンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 宇宙科学研究所、相模原
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-04 – 2014-12-05
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Source of Carbonaceous Materials from Hayabusa-Returned Samples: Evaluation from XANES study. (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H., Uesugi M., Naraoka H., Ito M., Kilcoyne D., Sandford S. A., Kitajima F., Mita H., Takano Y., Yada T., Karouji Y., Ishibashi Y., Okada T. and Abe M.
  • Organizer: 第5回極域科学シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 極地研究所，調布
  • Year and Date: 2014-12-02 – 2014-12-03
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] レーザーイオン化質量分析の宇宙地球有機物への応用 (2014)
  • Author(s): 林雅也，薮田ひかる，青木順，河井洋輔，豊田岐聡，寺田健太郎
  • Organizer: 第３２回日本有機地球化学シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 湯河原、神奈川
  • Year and Date: 2014-11-05 – 2014-11-08
• [Presentation] レーザーイオン化質量分析を用いたさまざまな有機化合物の測定条件最適化に関する基礎実験 (2014)
  • Author(s): 林雅也，薮田ひかる，青木順，河井洋輔，豊田岐聡，寺田健太郎
  • Organizer: 2014年度日本地球化学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 富山大学、富山
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-16 – 2014-09-18
• [Presentation] Functional group compositions of carbonaceous materials of HAYABUSA-returned samples. (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H., Uesugi M., Naraoka H., Ito M., Kilcoyne A.L.D., Sandford S.A., Kitajima F., Mita H., Takano Y., Yada T., Karouji Y., Ishibashi Y., Okada T. and Abe M.
  • Organizer: 77th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritic Society
  • Place of Presentation: カサブランカ、モロッコ
  • Year and Date: 2014-09-07 – 2014-09-12
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Relationship of organics, minerals, and water in ice-rock small body recorded in an ultracarbonaceous Antarctic micrometeorite. (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H., Noguchi T., Itoh S., Nakamura T., Tsujimoto S., Sakamoto N., Hashiguchi M., Abe K., Kilcoyne A. L. D., Okubo A., Tachibana S., Okazaki R., Terada K., Ebihara M. and Nagahara H.
  • Organizer: Origins 2014
  • Place of Presentation: 奈良新公会堂, 奈良
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-06 – 2014-07-11
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Carbon isotopic geochemistry of Makganyen diamictite in South Africa: Quest of the paleoproterozoic Snowball Earth Event (2014)
  • Author(s): Tsukahara N., Yabuta H., Ikehara M. and Bekker A
  • Organizer: Origins 2014
  • Place of Presentation: 奈良新公会堂, 奈良
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-06 – 2014-07-11
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] High power laser-shock experiment of chondritic meteorites: Contributions of impacts to a reducing atmosphere of the early Earth. (2014)
  • Author(s): Yabuta H., Sakaiya T., Kondo T., Ohno S., Nakabayashi M., Kadono T., Shigemori K., Hironaka Y., Yamanaka Y.
  • Organizer: Origins 2014
  • Place of Presentation: 奈良新公会堂, 奈良
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-06 – 2014-07-11
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Diversity in size and shape distributions of organic microspherules formed by Maillard-type reaction. (2014)
  • Author(s): Takahashi A. and Yabuta H.
  • Organizer: Origins 2014
  • Place of Presentation: 奈良新公会堂, 奈良
  • Year and Date: 2014-07-06 – 2014-07-11
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 太陽系有機物の分析化学は惑星科学に何をもたらすことができるか (2014)
  • Author(s): 薮田ひかる
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜、横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02
• [Presentation] 次世代の有機・生命の地球化学 (2014)
  • Author(s): 奈良岡浩、薮田ひかる
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合大会
  • Place of Presentation: パシフィコ横浜、横浜
  • Year and Date: 2014-04-28 – 2014-05-02