Molecular mechanisms underlying antibody-mediated inhibition of virus budding

2014 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 25892002
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Research Field: Veterinary medical science
• Research Institution: Hokkaido University
• Principal Investigator: KAJIHARA Masahiro 北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症リサーチセンター, 研究員 (70711894)
• Project Period (FY): 2013-08-30 – 2015-03-31
• Keywords: フィロウイルス / エボラウイルス / マールブルグウイルス / 出芽 / 抗体 / 表面糖蛋白質 / エボラウイルス病 / マールブルグ熱

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Previously, we reported antibody-mediated inhibition of virus budding from infected cells. However, the molecular basis and contribution to protective immunity of antibody-mediated budding inhibition are yet unknown. We found that antibodies induced by nasal immunization had inhibitory activity of influenza virus release from infected cells. It was morphologically suggested that the progeny virions were deposited on the infected cell surface by the tethering mediated by IgA antibody binding, which may be the molecular basis of cross-protective immunity induced by nasal immunization. We examined the involvement of budding inhibition antibodies in protective immunity through passive immunization of hamsters against Marburg virus infection. Immunization with budding inhibition antibody slightly improved clinical outcomes of infected hamsters, indicating that budding inhibition antibodies are also involved in protective immunity.

Free Research Field

ウイルス学