| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SHIBATANI Masayoshi Kobe Univ. Bungaku, Assistant Prof., 文学部, 助教授 (60127371)
OTSU Yukio Keio Univ. Institute of Language and Culture, Assistant Professor., 言語文化研究所, 助教授 (80100410)
NOMOTO Kikuo The National Language Institute, Director, 所長 (40000400)
MURAKI Masatake Dokkyo Univ. Foreign Languages, Prof., 外国語学部, 教授 (20052201)
MIZUTANI Osamu The National Language Institute, Center for Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Langu, 日本語教育センター, センター長 (60088789)
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| Research Abstract |
1. Theoretical works: Based on Generative Grammar, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar, and Linguistic Typology, the core linguistic structures were studied extensively as "Voice" alternations, focusing on the theoretical concepts of the semantic (theta) role assignments to subjects, syntactic vs. lexical derivations, and grammaticalization of topics into subjects. This approach enabled us to construct a theoretical framework for explanation of the properties of Japanese in terms of linguistic universals, and contributed to solving problems particular to individual theories, for example, license, conditions, Wh- and quantifier movements in terms of the empty category principle, linguistic prototypes, etc. These research findings will provide a basis for constructing an integrated linguistic theory.
2. Collection and analysis of data: (1) about 4000 errors in papers and books dealing with Japanese error analyses, (2) recorded oral Japanese responses by Chinese and Korean students, (3) e
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rrors found in compositions written by foreign students learning Japanese, (4) video-taped data of linguistic behaviors by foreign students. The data (1)-(4) are computerized in the National Language Research Institute, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Osaka University, and Nagoya University. These data revealed: (1) limitations of types of errors taken up in research papers, (2) contrasts between native and non-native Japanese responses, (3) variety of problems in actual Japanese teaching, not yet covered in Japanese linguistics, (4) a close relation between discourse grammar and linguistic behaviors.
3. Publicization: The research results were publicized in three symposia planned by this research team. A big gap between the researchers and Japanese language teachers, apparent at first, was filled by exchanges of candid opinions at the subsequent symposia, giving strong motivations for further researches and teaching experiments.
4. Experiments: (1) with students without Japanese training, (2) on language acquisition based on Generative Grammatical theory, (3) on linguistic behaviors of foreign students. In addition to experimental findings novel experimental methods were developed. Less
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