1988 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Basic Study for the Develoment of Teaching Method and Leadership in the Field of Earth Sciences Education

Research Project

Project/Area Number	61301090
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Research Field	科学教育(含教育工学)
Research Institution	Tokyo Gakugei University
Principal Investigator	INAMORI Jun Tokyo Gakugei University・Emeritus Professor, 教育学部・(名誉教授) (80014645)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	WATANABE Takashi Joetsu University of Education・Professor, 教育学部, 教授 (00037269) TOSHIYASU Yoshio Science Education Institute of Osaka Prefecture・Chief Researcher, 主任研究員 (90125253) HIRAYAMA Katsumi Rikkyo University・Professor, 一般教育部, 教授 (80062503) MIZUYAMA Takayuki Shotoku Academy Gifu College of Education・Professor, 教授 (00027640) UJIIE Hiroshi Ryukyu University・Professor, 理学部, 教授 (60000113)
Project Period (FY)	1986 – 1988
Keywords	Teaching method / Earth sciences / Interaction / Nature / Leadership / Biwa Lake / 塩
Research Abstract	1. Main discussion for teaching, leadreship and characters of nature (1) Tesching and leadership in schools by interaction between pupils and teachers: This interaction includes three activities, infoumation, leadersip and discovery. we proposed to develop a kind of mini informa on-network and a kind of interface. Leadership needs in this interaction four types of effect, nucleus effect, Hakuraku effect (person in anicient China), Pygmalion effect (play of Bernard Shaw) and halo effect (phenomenon of physics). Discovery is an activity combined infomation and leadership, and is to be a special activity for earth sciences education. (2) Charaters of nature: Characters of nature in the fields of earth sciences education are summarized as five view points, undiscovered phenomena, closed system, integrated scince, interdisciplinary studies and morality as scienitific law. When pupils choose theme of study, we recommend the teacher to advice pupils by combination of these view points. 2. Examples Five subjects were studied, "Coral reef" by Ujiie, "Biwa Lake" by Mizuyama, "Norikura Volcanic Mountain" by Tanaka, "Materials in the sea water" by Toshiyasu and "Crystal from of snow" by Watanabe. 3. References Pupils interest on the phenomena of Biwa Lake were studied by question and answer.