1988 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Cytogenetic and molecular study on biological significance of abnormal clones in atomic bomb survivors
| Project/Area Number |
61480470
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
放射線5生物学
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| Research Institution | HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
NANAO KAMADA Research Institute for Nuclear Medicine & Biology, Hiroshima University, Professor, 原爆放射能医学研究所, 教授 (00034629)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KIMIO TANAKA Research Institute for Nuclear Medicine & Biology, Hiroshima University. Researc, 原爆放射能医学研究所, 助手 (70116622)
TETSUYA TOGE Hiroshima University Hospital, Lecturer, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (40034657)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1986 – 1988
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| Keywords | Chromosome abnormality / Atomic bomb survivors / Abnormal clones / Transfection / Oncogenes / Acute leukemia / 慢性白血病 |
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| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this study is to clarify leukemogenesis of atomic bomb survivors from cytogenetic and molecular biological standpoints. We have reported the presence of cytogenetically abnormal clones in bone marrow cells and T lymphocytes from heavily exposed survivors. A possible relation on leukemogenesis has been suggested from co-incidence in cluster of chromosomal breakpoints found in atomic bomb survivors and in patients with cancer. To investigate the possibility, DNA samples were extracted from bone marrow cells of 13 survivors, including 4 healthy survivors with more than 30% chromosome abnormalities in the bone marrow and 9 leukemia patients. All of the transfectants were shown to contain Alu sequences. The transforming N-ras gene was detected for the first time in the bone marrow cells from 3 heavily exposed survivors and from 7 leukemia patients with a history of radiation exposure. The sites of the point mutation in codons are under investigation.
Along the cytogenetic and molecular study we started an immunological study to find serum antibody reacting with the basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast(anti-bast) in human placenta. The antibody has been known to react to 80% of serum from hematological malignancies. In our study, it was clearly demonstrated that serum from heavily exposed survivors were positive for the anti-BAST test with statistical significance and that a half of the survivors whose serum converted to positive for the test developed into hematological malignancies or cancers several years after the conversion. These findings seem to relate to chromosome abnormalities found in atomic bomb survivors and also to leukemogenesis in radiation induced leukemia or cancer.
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