1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

アルタ-ナリア病菌の植物感染機構:非宿主低抗反応と宿主特異的毒素によるその制御

Research Project

Project/Area Number	63440010
Research Institution	Tottori University
Principal Investigator	甲元啓介鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	木村靖夫鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (10011983) 浜崎敞鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (40032081) 児玉基一朗鳥取大学, 農学部, 助手 (00183343) 尾谷浩鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (50032305)
Keywords	宿主特異的毒素 / 毒素の作用機構 / 感染阻害因子 / 宿主識別因子
Research Abstract	前年度に引き続き、毒素依存の宿主選択・感染成立の分子機構を解析した。 1)新規宿主特異的毒素の単離:タバコ赤星病菌の生成する宿主特異的AT毒素をHPLCを利用して純度の高い毒素を単離した。構造解析研究が進行中である。また、鳥取砂丘のラッキョウ栽培地域で発生する灰色かび病菌の胞子発芽液に宿主特異的感染誘発因子の存在を確認し、それを単離した。本因子は壊死毒性を全く示さないにも拘らず、ラッキョウとタマネギの組織に選択的に,腐生性Alternariaの感染誘発をもたらす。病理学的には感染場面で宿主識別因子の役割を演ずる。 2)毒素の作用過程:感受性カンキツや感受性日本ナシ(二十世紀)に対するACT毒素Ib,IIbの作用過程を時間解剖の方法で調査したところ、初期作用点は原形質膜上に存在することが支持された。しかし、細胞壊死過程はカンキツと日本ナシで著しく異なり、Ib,IIbによるナシ葉組織の黒変壊死過程はAK毒素によるそれに酷似していたが、Ibによるカンキツの褐変壊死過程は、SH基修飾剤、蛋白合成阻害剤、銅酵素阻害剤、光などに対する反応性に於いて大きく異なっていた。 3)感染阻害因子の作用特性:3、5ージカフェオイルキナ酸の用量ー反応分析の結果は、有効濃度が500μg/mlであり、一方、ナシ葉組織に誘導・生成される濃度は比較的高く、感染サイトへの局部的蓄積量の超微量定量が今後の課題となった。また、ラフレモン葉に誘導される感染阻害因子Pー2a,2bを単離した。 4)構造解析:ラッキョウ灰色かび病菌の生成する宿主識別因子のひとつは、分子量503のアミノ糖と推定された。

Research Products
(14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

[Publications] Tanabe,K.,et al.: "Chemical characterization and biological activity of the inducer for disease resistance released by Alternaria alternata" Jour.Fac.Agric.Tottori Univ.(1991)
[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Isolation of an infectionーinhibiting factor from Japanese pear leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternata" Phytochmistry. (1991)
[Publications] Itoh,Y.,et al.: "A toxin from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata that has selective toxicity to Japanese pear" Phytopathology. (1991)
[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Isolation and biological acitvties of two hostーspecific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata" Phytopathology. (1991)
[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Correlation of resistance and susceptibility in citrus to Alternaria alternata with sensitivity to the hostーspecific toxins" Phytopathology. (1991)
[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Host recognition by toxigenic plant pathogens" Experientia. 47. (1991)
[Publications] Kimura,Y.,et al.: "Structure of sescandelan,a new metabolite produced by the fungus Sesquicillium candelabrum" Agric.Biol.Che.(1991)
[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Effect of ALーtoxin on viability of cultured tomato cells determined by MTTーcolorimetric assay" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)
[Publications] Shimomura,N.,et al.: "Two action sites of AMーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)
[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Ultrastractural studies of an action site in tobacco leaf cells of hostselective ATーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata tobacco pathotype" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)
[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Hostーselective ATーtoxin from Alternaria alternata causing brown spot of tobacco" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)
[Publications] Hayashi,N.,et al.: "Determination of hostーselective toxin production during spore germination of Alternaria alternata by highーperformance liquid chromatography" Phytopathology. 80. 1088-1091 (1990)
[Publications] Otani,H.,Kohmoto,K.,et al.(Patill,S.S.,et al.(eds)): "Molecular Strategies of Pathogens and Host Plants(Role of hostーspecific toxins in the pathogenesis of Alternaria alternata)" SpringerーVerlag,Berlin, (1991)
[Publications] 西村正暘,大内成志編,甲元啓介(分担執筆): "植物感染生理学" 文永堂, 345 (1990)

1990 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

アルタ-ナリア病菌の植物感染機構:非宿主低抗反応と宿主特異的毒素によるその制御

Principal Investigator

甲元 啓介 鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)

Research Products

[Publications] Tanabe,K.,et al.: "Chemical characterization and biological activity of the inducer for disease resistance released by Alternaria alternata" Jour.Fac.Agric.Tottori Univ.(1991)

[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Isolation of an infectionーinhibiting factor from Japanese pear leaves inoculated with Alternaria alternata" Phytochmistry. (1991)

[Publications] Itoh,Y.,et al.: "A toxin from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata that has selective toxicity to Japanese pear" Phytopathology. (1991)

[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Isolation and biological acitvties of two hostーspecific toxins from the tangerine pathotype of Alternaria alternata" Phytopathology. (1991)

[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Correlation of resistance and susceptibility in citrus to Alternaria alternata with sensitivity to the hostーspecific toxins" Phytopathology. (1991)

[Publications] Kohmoto,K.,et al.: "Host recognition by toxigenic plant pathogens" Experientia. 47. (1991)

[Publications] Kimura,Y.,et al.: "Structure of sescandelan,a new metabolite produced by the fungus Sesquicillium candelabrum" Agric.Biol.Che.(1991)

[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Effect of ALーtoxin on viability of cultured tomato cells determined by MTTーcolorimetric assay" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

[Publications] Shimomura,N.,et al.: "Two action sites of AMーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata apple pathotype and their pathological significance" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1991)

[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Ultrastractural studies of an action site in tobacco leaf cells of hostselective ATーtoxin produced by Alternaria alternata tobacco pathotype" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

[Publications] Kodama,M.,et al.: "Hostーselective ATーtoxin from Alternaria alternata causing brown spot of tobacco" Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. (1990)

[Publications] Hayashi,N.,et al.: "Determination of hostーselective toxin production during spore germination of Alternaria alternata by highーperformance liquid chromatography" Phytopathology. 80. 1088-1091 (1990)

[Publications] Otani,H.,Kohmoto,K.,et al.(Patill,S.S.,et al.(eds)): "Molecular Strategies of Pathogens and Host Plants(Role of hostーspecific toxins in the pathogenesis of Alternaria alternata)" SpringerーVerlag,Berlin, (1991)

[Publications] 西村 正暘,大内 成志編,甲元 啓介(分担執筆): "植物感染生理学" 文永堂, 345 (1990)

甲元啓介鳥取大学, 農学部, 教授 (80032093)

[Publications] 西村正暘,大内成志編,甲元啓介(分担執筆): "植物感染生理学" 文永堂, 345 (1990)