1991 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Efiology and Treatment of Recurrent Ofitics Media
| Project/Area Number |
63480382
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
Otorhinolaryngology
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| Research Institution | Oita Medical University |
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Principal Investigator |
MOGI Goro Oita Medical University, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (20035190)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KAWAUCHI Hideyuki Oita Medical University, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Assistant Professor, 医学部, 講師 (50161279)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1988 – 1990
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| Keywords | Recurrent otitis media / Otitis media with effusion / Immunology of the middle ear / Mucosal immunity of the ear / Oral vaccination |
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| Research Abstract |
Otitis media is one of the most common diseases among upper respiratory tracts infections. Acute otitis media(AOM) and otitis media with effusion(OME) are a self limited disorder, but some cases recurrs repeatedly. We investigated causes of AOM and OME and these recurrence factors ; and the prevention in particular of immunologic and allergologic approach.
1. An animal model study using Japanese monkey and three-dimensional images-analysis revealed that inflammation that occurs in the tympanic cavity rapidly spreads all over the mastoid air cells, producing inflammatory fluid and that inflammatory changes at the tympanic isthmus and eustachian tube block the clearance of fluid.
2. it was found that middle ear effusion itself induces new effusion. Therefore, removal of the effusion in essential for the treatment of OME.
3. The type I allergy is not an etiologic factor. However, allergic of the nose caused tubal dysfunction. An animal study clearly demonstrated that allergic reactions of the nose disturb the clearance of effusion.
4. Investigation on the immune response of the middle ear showed that the systemic immunity (circulating antibodies) is a causative factor for OME because of the formation of immunocomplex, while the mucosal immunity acts as anti-inflammatory agent. Secretory IgA antibody activity against S. pneumoniae and H. influenza blocked the attachment of these bacteria to the mucosal membrane.
5. Oral immunization induced antigen specific T suppressor cells that suppress the occurrence of immune-mediated otitis media.
6. It was demonstrated by an experimental study that oral vaccine therapy with S. pneumoniae elicits mucosal IgA responses to prevent pneumococcal otitis media. Results suggested the possibility of clinical application of oral vaccination by enteric capsules for the prevention of middle ear infection.
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