Preparation of active fault map of Afghanistan and seismic hazard estimation of Kabul

• Project/Area Number: 17H02032
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Geography
• Research Institution: Doshisha University
• Principal Investigator: Tsutsumi Hiroyuki 同志社大学, 理工学部, 教授 (60284428)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 松四 雄騎 京都大学, 防災研究所, 准教授 (90596438)
• Project Period (FY): 2017-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2019)
• Budget Amount: ¥10,920,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,520,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000); Fiscal Year 2017: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
• Keywords: アフガニスタン / カブール盆地 / 活断層 / チャマン断層 / 衛星画像 / 変位速度 / 宇宙線生成核種年代測定 / 地震災害 / 活断層図 / 地震危険度評価 / カブール / トレンチ掘削調査 / 古地震

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Based on the interpretation of 3D satellite images and shaded relief maps, we prepared a map and catalog of active faults of Afghanistan located west of the Himalayan collision zone. We then proposed active tectonic divisions of the country by integrating data on active faults, geology, and geophysics. We estimated a left-lateral slip rate of the Chaman fault near Kabul as 4-5 mm/yr based on the ages of offset fluvial terraces by cosmogenic nuclide dating. We propose that the faults surrounding the Kabul basin are capable of producing earthquakes higher than M7.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は，アフガニスタンの活断層や地震テクトニクスに関する国際的にみても初めての実証的な研究である．本研究で地形の実体視に基づく活断層図を初めて作成し，今後の地球科学研究の基礎資料を提供できた．またチャマン断層の変位速度が北端へ向かって小さくなることが判明した．またカブール周辺の活断層が大地震を発生させる可能性のある活断層であることが明らかとなり，今後の地震災害軽減の基礎資料を提供した．また本研究を通して，アフガニスタンの若手研究者に我が国の活断層研究の技術移転を行うことができた．

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Kabul Technological University(アフガニスタン)
• [Journal Article] Active faults and seismic hazard in the Kabul basin, Afghanistan (2020)
  • Author(s): Zakeria Shnizai ands Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
  • Journal Title: The Harris Science Review of Doshisha University Volume: 61
  • Open Access
• [Presentation] Slip rate of the Chaman fault based on 10Be exposure dating of offset geomorphic surfaces south of Kabul, Afghanistan (2020)
  • Author(s): Shnizai, Z., Tsutsumi, H., and Matsushi, Y.
  • Organizer: HOKUDAN International Symposium on Active Faulting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Slip rate of the Chaman fault: estimates based on 10Be exposure dating for offset geomorphic surfaces in Afghanistan (2019)
  • Author(s): Shnizai, Z., Matsushi, Y., and Tsutsumi, H.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2019年大会
• [Presentation] Active faults mapping in Afghanistan using stereo images based on SRTM data (2019)
  • Author(s): Shnizai, Z., Tsutsumi, H., and Nakata, T.
  • Organizer: 16th Annual Meeting of Asia Oceania Geosciences Society
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Detailed mapping of the Chaman fault near Kabul, Afghanistan, using ALOS Images (2018)
  • Author(s): Shnizai, Z., Tsutsumi, H., Soeda, Y.
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2018年大会
• [Presentation] Mapping of the Chaman fault in Afghanistan using CORONA and ALOS satellites imageries (2017)
  • Author(s): Zakeria Shnizai, Yuki Matsushi, Yoshio Soeda, Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
  • Organizer: 日本活断層学会2017年度秋季学術大会