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The effects of cover crop containing allelochemicals on decomposition of organic matter and weed suppression in winter

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K05918
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 41050:Environmental agriculture-related
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

HIRATA Toshiyuki  北海道大学, 北方生物圏フィールド科学センター, 助教 (60281797)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 松村 篤  大阪府立大学, 生命環境科学研究科, 講師 (30463269)
Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Keywordsカバークロップ / アレロケミカル / 積雪下 / 土壌微生物 / 土壌養分動態 / 積雪 / 土壌内窒素 / 土壌微生物叢 / 雑草抑制 / 土壌微生物相 / 冬期 / 分解 / 無機態窒素 / 有機物分解 / 窒素形態 / アレロパシー / 雑草管理 / 硝化
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The effect of hairy vetch on weed emergence in early spring was investigated by analyzing cyanamide, a major allelochemical in hairy vetch, soil microbe structure, and soil nitrogen dynamics during winter. Although cyanamide in the hairy vetch during winter decreased below the detection range by February, ammonia nitrogen in soil increased rapidly after February. It suggested that the increase in ammonia nitrogen was not due to the nitrification-inhibiting effect of cyanamide-derived dicyandiamide formation but due to low temperatures. Germination tests of weeds treated with ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in early spring showed a delay in the average germination days at low temperatures. These results show that the weed suppression effect of hairy vetch in early spring was due to ammonia damage.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

寒冷地におけるカバークロップの利用は生育期間が制限されるが、秋期のヘアリーベッチの導入には、優れた養分供給と雑草抑制効果が認められている。本研究は、冬期間における雑草抑制効果を、アレロケミカル、土壌微生物相および残渣分解から多角的に検討した初めての例である。早春のヘアリーベッチ残渣にアレロパシー効果は認められず、土壌内のアンモニア性窒素の上昇が雑草抑制に強く影響していた。その一方、土壌微生物叢の種組成の動態は、カバークロップよりも温度環境に強い影響を受けていた。これらの結果は、報告例の少ないカバークロップの冬期間の効果について明らかにしており、カバークロップ利用の更なる指針を加えるものである。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (5 results)

All 2021 2020

All Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Presentation] ヘアリーベッチ残渣におけるシアナミドの分解の温度依存性と窒素動態に及ぼす影響2021

    • Author(s)
      内林大志・平田聡之・松村 篤
    • Organizer
      日本農作業学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 平田聡之・内林大志・松村 篤2021

    • Author(s)
      秋作ヘアリーベッチが冬期の土壌内窒素環境と雑草の出芽に及ぼす影響
    • Organizer
      日本農作業学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Decomposition of hairy vetch mulch under snow and its effect on nitrogen dynamics in soil2021

    • Author(s)
      Hiratata T.,Uchibayashi T.,and Mastumura A.
    • Organizer
      10th Asian Crop Science Association Conference
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ヘアリーベッチの残渣すき込み時にシアナミドがレタスの成長に与える影響2020

    • Author(s)
      内林大志・平田聡之
    • Organizer
      日本育種学会・日本作物学会 北海道談話会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Decomposition of hairy vetch mulch under snow and its effect on nitrogen dynamics in soil2020

    • Author(s)
      Toshiyuki Hirata, Taishi Uchibayashi, Atsushi Matsumura
    • Organizer
      ACSAC10
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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