Elucidation of the mechanism of chemotherapy induced dysgeusia and development of screening system for foods

Research Project

Project/Area Number	18K11075
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
Research Institution	The University of Tokushima
Principal Investigator	TSUTSUMI Rie 徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(医学域), 講師 (80510172)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	堤保夫広島大学, 医系科学研究科(医), 教授 (90523499)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥420,000)
Keywords	味覚 / T1R3 / メダカ / 味覚障害 / 食品 / スクリーニング / 小型魚類 / 胃切除 / 抗がん剤 / 化学療法 / 食品成分
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We have previously reported that lingeal taste receptor T1R3 gene expression reflects taste sensitivity and is reduced by chemotherapy.During this study period, we found that glutamate supplementation was efficient.Furthermore, we aimed to establish a screening system to find nutritional foods other than glutamate.　Using medaka fish with taste bud cells from the lips to the gills, medaka was knocked-in GFP tagged T1R3 gene were created by the Crisper / Cas9 system.　This made it possible to visualize T1R3 expression and evaluate changes in gene expression by fluorescence intensity. By breeding T1R3 KI medaka in water in which some drugs or food components were dissolved, several components that fluctuate T1R3 gene expression could be found.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	味覚障害は化学療法や感染症、低栄養など様々な要因で発症するが、QOLを低下させ、低栄養を助長する深刻な問題である。しかしながらこれまで、その機序に対する根本的治療アプローチはなく、有効な治療方法が確立されていなかった。本研究成果は、味覚障害の改善に有効な食品成分を見出す第一歩となり、治療食や支持療法の確立に寄与するものである。