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Optimal design of technical standards and patent pools for the competition policy

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K23190
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0107:Economics, business administration, and related fields
Research InstitutionHitotsubashi University (2019, 2023)
Kyoto University (2020-2022)

Principal Investigator

KADOWAKI Makoto  一橋大学, 社会科学高等研究院, 特任講師 (90845041)

Project Period (FY) 2019-08-30 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Keywords知的財産権制度 / 競争政策 / 特許の藪 / 公知技術 / ゲーム理論 / 経済制度・体制論 / 計量経済学 / 産業組織論 / 法と経済学
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究ではパテントプール(多くの権利(特許権)を束ね、一箇所でライセンス管理を行う事により効率化を図るシステム)の契約内容がどのような時に反競争的・非効率的になるかを特許技術や市場に応じて理論的・実証的に分析し、競争政策上のインプリケーションを得る。
近年、スマートフォンやブルーレイディスクのように、単一の製品に数多くの知的財産権が利用される製品が増加している。このため多くの権利者が協力しなければひとつの製品を商業化出来ない事態が生じている。
パテントプールが結託や談合、抱き合わせ販売といった反競争的性質を持たないような、望ましい活用範囲の境界条件を検討する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study examined the effects of “patent thicket” (i.e., higher final product prices, lower market transaction, lower consumer welfare, and lower firm profits, by royalty stacking of patent rights) using an econometric model. It also examined the effects of technological standards and patent pools on economic welfare, and conducted a counterfactual analysis to evaluate the economic welfare in case where vertical integration and vertical separation occur, and in case where technology-specific patent pools are constructed, and in case where only certain leading firms refuse to cooperate. Next, It conducted a theoretical analysis of the incentives for participants in technology standards and patent pools to conduct additional R&D. Finally, It examined the dynamic complementarity of patented technologies using patent data before and after the introduction of Japan's pre-grant publication system (early publication system).

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

特許技術間の補完性がもたらす経済非効率性については、これまでも理論的に検討されてきたが、具体的にどの程度の相互依存関係があるかを定量的に示した研究は少なく、またその非効率性を解消する技術標準・パテントプールの効果についてもほとんど検証されてこなかった。こうした現状を鑑みて、特許間の補完性の実態把握や、技術標準・パテントプールの競争効果および反競争効果についての、競争政策の判断材料となりうる一般的な知見を提供する。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2024 2022 2021 2019

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Early Disclosure and Patent Value: How do you know that you are a pioneer?2024

    • Author(s)
      Makoto Kadowaki, Sadao Nagaoka
    • Journal Title

      RIETI Discussion Paper Series

      Volume: 24-E-050 Pages: 1-53

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Presentation] Early Disclosure and Patent Value: How Do You Know You Are a Pioneer?2024

    • Author(s)
      門脇諒,長岡貞男
    • Organizer
      関西学院大学経済学セミナー (産業組織論ワークショップとの共催)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Early Disclosure and Patent Value: How Do You Know You Are a Pioneer?2024

    • Author(s)
      Makoto Kadowaki, Sadao Nagaoka
    • Organizer
      京都大学応用ミクロ経済学セミナー
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effects of mandatory prior art disclosure in patent applications: Evidence from Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      門脇諒
    • Organizer
      応用経済学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Assessing the economic effects of early patent disclosure: how do you know that you are the pioneer?2021

    • Author(s)
      門脇諒
    • Organizer
      京都大学応用ミクロ経済学セミナー
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Measuring Inefficiency of Patent Overlaps: The Case of 3D Printer Industry2021

    • Author(s)
      Kohei Kawaguchi
    • Organizer
      Royal Economic Society 2021 Annual Conference
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Measuring Inefficiency of Patent Overlaps: The Case of 3D Printer Industry2021

    • Author(s)
      Kohei Kawaguchi
    • Organizer
      2021 Virtual Meeting of the International Industrial Organization Conference
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Assessing the economic effects of early patent disclosure: How do you know your pioneer?2019

    • Author(s)
      門脇諒
    • Organizer
      応用経済学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-09-03   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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