2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Establishment of visualization of stress distribution in fresh embryos toward understanding of morphogenesis from biomechanical viewpoint
| Project Area | Discovery of the logic that establishes the 3D structure of organisms |
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| Project/Area Number |
15H05860
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University (2016-2019)
Nagoya Institute of Technology (2015) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
田村 篤敬 鳥取大学, 工学研究科, 准教授 (30394836)
杉田 修啓 名古屋工業大学, 工学(系)研究科(研究院), 准教授 (20532104)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
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| Keywords | バイオメカニクス / 力学解析 / 細胞・組織 / 発生・形態形成 / 生物・生体工学 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In order to estimate 3D stress distribution in Xenopus laevis embryos, we have established two methods, a sectioning method and a piercing method. In the sectioning method, an embryo is cut flat with a thin wire to measure the surface topography of the section along with the stiffness distribution on the surface. Stress distribution is estimated from these data with a finite element analysis as the stress distribution necessary to make the surface flat again. In the piercing method, a fine needle is pierced into an embryo and removed. Then, 3D shape of the pierced column is measured by serial sectioning of the frozen embryo. We have found in gastrula that the embryonic surface is in tension and embryonic core is in compression, and that the level of stresses changes during the process of development, and in tailbud that the notochord produces high compressive force which may cause tissue elongation.
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| Free Research Field |
バイオメカニクス
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
発生現象に対する力学因子の影響は，近年その重要性が認識されはじめ，シート状の組織や胚の表面にレーザで穴を開けた際の周辺の組織変形の様子から平面内の力分布を求めることは盛んに行われるようになってきている．しかし，胚内部の３次元的な力分布については，計測方法の欠如から殆ど判っていなかった．そこで我々は，胚を切断したり，微細針を刺入したりした際の組織の３次元的な変形から内部の応力状態を推定する方法を考案し，その有効性を確認した．本法の普及により，胚内部の力分布が明らかとなり，発生に対する力学因子の影響がより深く理解できるようになると期待される．
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