2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Understanding osicllatory phenomena by bidirectional interaction tools
| Project Area | Non-linear Neuro-oscillology: Towards Integrative Understanding of Human Nature |
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| Project/Area Number |
15H05879
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Complex systems
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
井上 謙一 京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 助教 (90455395)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
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| Keywords | 振動現象 / 大脳皮質 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To elucidate neural mechanisms underlying oscillatory phenomena in brain function, we have developed optogenetic tools and statistical methods. Specifically, opto-current-clamp induced oscillation reveals intrinsic frequency preferences in the neural circuits by oscillatory resonance. Furthermore, resonance or entrainment to intrinsic frequency is state-dependent. While monkeys perform bimanual motor sequence task, beta and high-gamma activities in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and pre-SMA showed reciprocal changes: Beta power was attenuated during early delay periods of updating trials but was increased during maintenance trials. Oscillatory phenomena in the nervous systems reveal how the neural circuits work in flexible and state dependent manner.I published two books, "learning brain" and "functions of the frontal cortex" as a part of achievement of this project
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| Free Research Field |
神経生理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
脳の活動は常に揺らいでいます。そしてそのゆらぎには、様々な周期の振動が認められることが明らかになっています。本研究プロジェクトでは電場電位の振動現象とその振動の背景にある局所回路の特性に関して研究成果が得られた。それによれば 我々はある行動状態を維持するかそれとも新しいものに更新するかで柔軟に変更することが明らか位になりました。また光遺伝学という光で霊長類の運動野脳活動を操作すると、手の運動を誘発したりできることがわかりました。脳を理解し、脳を操作するには振動を介して相互にやり取りすることが有効であることがわかり、今後脳の状態を理解したり、改善するのに役立つ知見を得たと言えます。
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