2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Historical change of the edible plant utilization with the progress of rice domestication in China

Planned Research

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Project Area	Rice Farming and Chinese Civilization : Renovation of Integrated Studies of Rice-based Civilizations.
Project/Area Number	15H05968
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Humanities and Social Sciences
Research Institution	University of Miyazaki
Principal Investigator	Udatsu Tetsuro 宮崎大学, 農学部, 教授 (00253807)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	田崎博之愛媛大学, 埋蔵文化財調査室, 教授 (30155064) 田中克典弘前大学, 農学生命科学部, 助教 (00450213) 石川隆二弘前大学, 農学生命科学部, 教授 (90202978) 上條信彦弘前大学, 人文社会科学部, 准教授 (90534040)
Project Period (FY)	2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
Keywords	イネの栽培化 / プラント・オパール分析 / 埋没微地形分析 / DNA分析 / 残存デンプン粒分析
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In this study, we attempted to elucidate the transition of the utilization of plant food resources based on rice cultivation in the Neolithic period in China. We conducted a survey and collection of analysis samples at Neolithic sites in the lower Yangtze River, and analyzed the "quality" and "quantity" of plant food resources including rice. As a result, it was thought that various rice varieties have been cultivated by the rice paddy development technology that was typed into three types in the rice-producing society. This technology has also enabled　　rice cultivation to spread from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the whole of China. Furthermore, regarding the utilization of plant-based food resources other than rice, we were able to clarify the transition of food-resources utilization from wild plants to cultivated plants based on the food processing technology, and the process of domestication of water chestnut.
Free Research Field	地域農学および農業技術史学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	稲作技術の発達については、考古学的な発掘によって得られるイネ遺物の形態やDNAの分析による「イネの栽培化の程度」や農具のレベルや出土する植物質食糧資源のモノカルチャー（イネへの特化）といった「質」の視点からの評価に止まってきた。本研究の成果は、稲作の食糧供給力、水田造成技術に基づく稲作の持続性と伝播力といった「量」の視点の評価を現実のものとし、農耕技術と社会形成・発達に関する分野に新しい研究手法を提示したという点でその学術的な意義は大きい。