2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Search for landscape reconstruction by ancient DNA of varves
| Project/Area Number |
17K18537
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Geography, Cultural anthropology, Folklore, and related fields
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| Research Institution | Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka |
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Principal Investigator |
Yamada Kazuyoshi ふじのくに地球環境史ミュージアム, 学芸課, 教授 (60508167)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
藤木 利之 岡山理科大学, 理学部, 准教授 (10377997)
香月 興太 島根大学, 学術研究院環境システム科学系, 講師 (20423270)
瀬戸 浩二 島根大学, 学術研究院環境システム科学系, 准教授 (60252897)
高山 浩司 京都大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (60647478)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2017-06-30 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 年縞 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, environmental DNA analysis is conducted on annually laminated sediments in Japan to verify whether it is possible to comprehensively grasp information on flora and fauna and human activity history that can not be recovered from chemical compositions and microfossils. I tried for the first time in the world. For that purpose, the analysis method of environmental DNA analysis is applied to the lake sediments which are different in the climate change and cultural anthropologically different landscapes such as Hokkaido and Shizuoka, and the analysis method of environmental DNA analysis is used. We constructed the biota and human activity history as time series changes.
As a result, it was found that it is possible to discuss the presence or absence of the Itou that had once lived in the Lake Alga Lake. However, it was suggested that the degree of damage to DNA is different depending on the sedimentary environment and the difference in sedimentary age.
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| Free Research Field |
環境史
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では、古環境学や文化人類学の分野において、従来から大きな課題となっていた年縞を用いた地質学・古生物学的解析方法では描くことができなかった当時の景観を構成する要素（生物相の復元、人間活動の履歴等）を、年縞のメタバーコーディング解析によって解き明かすことができるのかを検証することにあった。懸念していたDNAの損傷の影響は排除することができなかったが、従来方法より精緻に過去の環境を復元できる可能性を示唆できたことは重要な学術的進歩と考えることができる。
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