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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development and application of new methods for calculating magma mixing timescales

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K23471
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0204:Astronomy, earth and planetary science, and related fields
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Conway Christopher  国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 地質調査総合センター, 研究員 (50844619)

Project Period (FY) 2019-08-30 – 2023-03-31
Keywordsmagma mixing / eruption time scales / volcanic hazards / diffusion chronometry
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Chemical data was collected for volcanic crystals in lava and tephra from recent eruptions at Miyakejima volcano, Japan. Time scale constraints from the crystals indicate that magma moved rapidly from its source to the eruption vent over a period of 1-5 days prior to the eruption in 1874 AD, and 12-25 days prior to the eruption in 2000 AD. These constraints closely match reports of corresponding increases in seismicity before the two eruptions, and indicate that volcanic crystals provide valuable information regarding the warning and evacuation time periods before eruptions.

Free Research Field

Volcanology

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

将来の火山災害から社会を守るためには、マグマの移動から噴火までの潜在的な期間を知る必要があります。 この研究の結果は、三宅島では山腹火口の溶岩噴火は、火山活動開始から数日で発生する可能性があるが、山頂噴火の前には数週間にわたる前兆現象が続く可能性があることを示している。 この研究は、危機管理者に対して、火山噴火に備る際必要な火山活動の時間スケールについての情報を提供するために、マグマ中の結晶の分析が役立つ可能性を示しています。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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