2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
The Effects of Smoking on Gingival Epithelial Barrier Function
| Project/Area Number |
22K20991
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
0907:Oral science and related fields
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2022-08-31 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 歯周病 / 喫煙 / タイトジャンクション / 細胞接着 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Smoking is a significant risk factor of periodontal diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the negative influence of smoking on gingival epithelium are not fully understood. We have previously shown that junctional adhesion molecule 1 (JAM1) and coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CXADR), tight junction associated proteins, play important role to maintain epithelial barrier function in gingival tissues.
In this study, we show that cigarette smoke extract disrupts barrier function of gingival epithelium via JAM1 translocation, allowing bacterial virulence factors to penetrate into subepithelial tissues. In human gingival tissue of smokers, JAM1 apparently lost intercellular localization compared to that of nonsmokers.
The present findings would provide the molecular basis for cigarette smoking being as a risk factor of periodontal diseases.
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| Free Research Field |
予防歯科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究では，喫煙によりタイトジャンクション関連タンパク質の一つである JAM1 の局在移行を通じて歯肉上皮バリア機構が障害されること，そしてビタミンCを添加した歯肉上皮細胞ではその効果が抑制されることを確認した．喫煙は歯周病の主要なリスク因子であり，喫煙による歯周病発症・進行を抑制するためには，国民の禁煙行動を高めることが最も効果的である．しかし，我が国の喫煙者の割合は減少傾向にあるものの，依然として高い水準で推移している．そのため，禁煙の励行とともに喫煙による歯周組織の破壊メカニズムおよびその抑制因子を解明することは社会的意義があると考える．
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