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Establishing Methods for Early Identification and Intervention of Developmental Dyslexia Based on the Evaluation of Implicit Letter Knowledge in Preschoolers

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15K13259
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Research Field Special needs education
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo (2018)
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (2015-2017)

Principal Investigator

Okumura Yasuko  東京大学, 高大接続研究開発センター, 特任研究員 (60749860)

Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2018)
Budget Amount *help
¥3,510,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥810,000)
Fiscal Year 2017: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2016: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2015: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords未就学児 / 文字学習 / 発達性ディスレクシア / 読み発達 / 早期支援 / 事象関連電位 / 幼児 / 追跡調査 / 読み習得 / 脳機能変化 / 注意 / 文字列処理
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Japanese-native preschoolers (age 5-6) were able to identify Hiragana that matches words even before they became able to read aloud, which indicated the existence of implicit letter knowledge. In addition, the result of longitudinal survey showed that preschoolers with weaker letter recognition exhibited reading problems, such as decreased fluency and accuracy, in early elementary grades. For such children, early intervention to facilitate natural exposure to letters may be of particular importance. Regarding the evaluation based on measuring brain function, early visual components of event-related brain potentials were shown to be useful for examining the state of letter recognition, as well as for identifying the intervention-related changes in neural substrates. Further sophistication of the early identification and intervention methods are necessary for mitigating and preventing difficulties related to developmental dyslexia.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の成果は,ひらがなの読みに関わる従来の研究が読める(音読できる)・読めないの二値的な区分で進められていたのに対し,読める前にも認識が成立しているという新しい見方を確立した点に大きな学術的意義がある。社会的意義としては,そうした「読める前の文字認識」に着目することで,発達性ディスレクシアの早期発見および介入が促進され得ることを示した点が上げられ,小学校入学後のつまずきを予防・軽減するための方策として就学前教育(幼稚園・保育園)や保幼小連携の中に取り入れられていくことが望まれる。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2018 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2017 Research-status Report
  • 2016 Research-status Report
  • 2015 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (7 results)

All 2018 2017 2016

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Pure and Short-Term Phonics-Training Improves Reading and Print-Specific ERP in English: A Case Study of a Japanese Middle School Girl2017

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, Y., Kita, Y., Inagaki, M.
    • Journal Title

      Developmental Neuropsychology

      Volume: 42 Issue: 4 Pages: 265-275

    • DOI

      10.1080/87565641.2017.1334784

    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 文字列に特化した初期視覚処理-読みと発達性ディスレクシアの解明に向けて2016

    • Author(s)
      奥村安寿子
    • Journal Title

      北海道大学大学院教育学研究院紀要

      Volume: 124 Pages: 49-63

    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Early perceptual representations of visual words are manifested differently by task demands: Evidence from ERP measures of spatial attention2018

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, Y., Kasai, T., Takeya, R. Murohashi, H.
    • Organizer
      The International Organization of Psychophysiology 19th World Congress of Psychophysiology
    • Related Report
      2018 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] フォニックスの指導は英単語に対する初期視覚ERPを増強させる:日本語を母語とする中学生の事例研究2018

    • Author(s)
      奥村安寿子・北洋輔・稲垣真澄
    • Organizer
      注意と認知研究第16回合宿研究会
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Pure and short-term phonics-training improves reading and print-specific ERP in English: A case study of a Japanese middle school girl.2017

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, Y., Kita, Y., Inagaki, M.
    • Organizer
      57th Annual Meeting of the Society for Psychophysiological Research
    • Related Report
      2017 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Initial-letter position modulates spatial attention towards Japanese Hiragana strings2016

    • Author(s)
      Okumura, Y., Kasai, T., Takeya, R., Harumitsu, M.
    • Organizer
      Society for Psychophysiological Research 56th Annual Meeting
    • Place of Presentation
      Minneapolis
    • Year and Date
      2016-09-21
    • Related Report
      2016 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ひらがな文字列に対する注意は語頭位置に調節される2016

    • Author(s)
      奥村安寿子・河西哲子・室橋春光
    • Organizer
      日本生理心理学会第34回大会
    • Place of Presentation
      愛知県名古屋市名古屋大学東山キャンパス豊田講堂
    • Year and Date
      2016-05-13
    • Related Report
      2015 Research-status Report

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Published: 2015-04-16   Modified: 2020-03-30  

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