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Analytical Framework of Competition Law from the Perspectives of Global and Local Monopolies

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K01327
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 05040:Social law-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Shiraishi Tadashi  東京大学, 大学院法学政治学研究科(法学部), 教授 (30196604)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords独占禁止法 / 独禁法 / 競争法 / 独占 / プラットフォーム / 地方施策 / competition law
Outline of Research at the Start

情報技術を駆使し大量のデータを活用したプラットフォーム事業者による巨大な独占や、人口減少によって需要の縮小した地方の銀行や交通機関などによる局地独占について、①それらに十分に配意した競争法理論の構築、②消費者に対する搾取型濫用(優越的地位濫用)、③競争法における推定ルールの洗練、④ エンフォースメントの在り方、⑤ EU競争法の影響力の背景、という5つの視点から、主に米国・欧州・日本の競争法を分析し、その成果を国際的に発信しようとするものである。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In the field of competition jurisprudence concerning both massive monopolies and local monopolies, the evolution of regulations addressing exploitative practices is particularly significant. In the context of local monopolies, the rapidly growing need for causation theories has been substantiated.
Interest in the regulation of exploitative abuse against consumers has heightened, with the Japanese Antimonopoly Law also being examined as a part of the regulation aimed at curbing the abuse of superior bargaining positions. In 2019, the German Federal Cartel Office mandated that Facebook implement corrective measures, an action which invigorated the Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC). Furthermore, the JFTC has started to address concerns related to employees and freelancers.
Currently, the JFTC is concentrating its efforts on employing commitment decision procedures, along with the analysis of fact-finding reports and the development of relevant guidelines.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

世界的な巨大独占や、人口減少などの問題を抱えた地域独占は、競争法(独禁法)における特別な対応を必要としている。特に巨大独占の問題は、価格が高いこと(買い手の価格が安いこと)それ自体を競争法上の問題とする傾向を強めている。特に地域独占の問題は、独占そのものを問題とせず、むしろ、因果関係理論の洗練によって独占をもたらす企業結合を容認する方向に進んでいる。消費者に対する優越的地位濫用を規制する可能性にも目が向けられ始めている。以上のようなことを、命令などのハードな方法でなく、ソフトに取り扱おうとするのが、現代の競争法の傾向である。この研究は、このような状況を明らかにし、法実務の解像度を上げた。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (7 results) Presentation (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 3 results)

  • [Journal Article] 消費者に対する優越的地位濫用2023

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      河上正二先生古稀記念『これからの民法・消費者法(Ⅱ)』(信山社)

      Volume: (書籍) Pages: 679-693

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Competition Law Sanctions in Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Tadashi Shiraishi
    • Journal Title

      Tihamer Toth (ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Competition Law Sanctions (Cambridge University Press)

      Volume: (書籍) Pages: 500-519

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 令和3年度企業結合事例集等の検討2022

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      公正取引

      Volume: 865 Pages: 27-34

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 令和元年度企業結合事例集等の検討2020

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      公正取引

      Volume: 839号 Pages: 52-61

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] パンデミックにおける高価格と法2020

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      論究ジュリスト

      Volume: 35号 Pages: 55-61

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] eスポーツ大会の賞金をめぐる景品表示法の最近の状況2020

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      自由と正義

      Volume: 71巻6号 Pages: 11-15

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 平成30年度企業結合事例集の検討2019

    • Author(s)
      白石忠志
    • Journal Title

      公正取引

      Volume: 825号 Pages: 13-23

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Basics of exploitative abuse regulation2023

    • Author(s)
      Tadashi Shiraishi
    • Organizer
      International Competition Network, Unilateral Conduct Workshop
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] European Influence on the Competition Law of Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      SHIRAISHI Tadashi
    • Organizer
      The Federico II conference on the Brussels Effect
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] An Introduction to Abuse of a Superior Bargaining Position (ASBP)2020

    • Author(s)
      Tadashi Shiraishi
    • Organizer
      Abuse of Superior Bargaining Position Panel
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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