2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Do herbivorous caterpillars suppress plant defense responses with the enzyme from their silk glands?
Project/Area Number |
19K06070
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 39050:Insect science-related
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Research Institution | Kyoto University |
Principal Investigator |
Ozawa Rika 京都大学, 生態学研究センター, 研究員 (90597725)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
塩尻 かおり 龍谷大学, 農学部, 教授 (10591208)
松井 健二 山口大学, 大学院創成科学研究科, 教授 (90199729)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | みどりの香り(GLVs) / チョウ目幼虫 / 直接防衛 / 間接防衛 / 絹糸腺 / 寄生蜂 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We have already identified the enzyme, fatty acid hydroperoxide dehydratase (BmFHD), in the silk glands of the silkworm that inhibits the production of green leaf volatiles. We found that the enzyme plays a role in the avoidance of the indirect defense of mulberry plants by silkworms. We also found similar sequences of the BmFHD gene in other lepidopteran species. Based on these findings, we proposed that FHD in caterpillars may act to suppress plant defense responses in general. To test this hypothesis, we generated FHD-knockout (FHD-KO) armyworms and studied the effects of armyworm’s FHD on the avoidance of direct and indirect defenses in maize plants. We compared the growth of FHD-KO and wild-type armyworms on maize plants. Further, we examined the response of parasitoid wasps to maize plants infested by either FHD-KO or wild-type armyworms. The results showed that FHD was involved in the avoidance of direct defense mechanisms of maize plants against armyworms.
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Free Research Field |
化学生態学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
多くの植物が放出するみどりの香りの機能について、これまで知られていなかったチョウ目幼虫に対する食害抵抗性に関わることを明らかにした。また、チョウ目昆虫であるアワヨトウがもつ酵素(FHD)が、みどりの香りによる植物の抵抗性を回避する機能を持つことを示した。チョウ目幼虫の多くは食葉性であり、葉菜などの農作物に対する害虫となっている。今回明らかにしたみどりの香りの成長抑制活性を利用することで安心安全な害虫管理への応用が期待できる。
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