Difference between cognitive function and cognitive remediation therapy of schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K14423
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 10030:Clinical psychology-related
• Research Institution: Sapporo Gakuin University
• Principal Investigator: Omiya Hidetoshi 札幌学院大学, 心理学部, 教授 (30781405)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 認知機能改善療法 / 統合失調症 / 軽度認知障害

Outline of Final Research Achievements

A total of 38 subjects, 17 with schizophrenia and 19 with mild cognitive impairment, were subjected to a neuropsychological assessment of cognitive function in both groups, with the aim of clarifying the differences between the two groups. As a result of conducting BACS, WCST, and CPT, significant differences were observed in the BACS token task and the Tower of London. In both cases, the mild cognitive impairment group had better results, and the schizophrenia group showed that the degree of impairment was more severe.
A significant difference was observed in the PEN of the WCST, and a higher number of persistence was obtained in the schizophrenia group compared to the mild cognitive impairment group. No significant difference in CPT was observed. It was suggested that patients with schizophrenia may have more severe frontal lobe dysfunction.

Free Research Field

臨床心理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

統合失調症と軽度認知障害においては、認知機能障害のプロフィールが大きく異なることが示された。BACSの結果より、統合失調症は軽度認知障害と比較して運動機能および遂行機能の障害が重篤であることが示された。統合失調症についてはより重篤な前頭葉機能の障害が存在している可能性が示唆された。
WCSTについては、統合失調症においてNelson型の保続数が多いことが明らかとなり、統合失調症の前頭葉機能障害の重さが示唆されるとともに、直前の誤反応への固執傾向が存在していることから、自らの反応を変更することの困難さがより強固である可能性がある。今後、両群の認知的特性に合わせた心理社会的介入が望まれる。