2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Challenges to the identification of neutrophil subsets involved in the development and remission of inflammation
| Project/Area Number |
19K22706
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
|
| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
|---|
| Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 57:Oral science and related fields
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Niigata University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
奥田 修二郎 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (00512310)
土門 久哲 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (00594350)
寺尾 豊 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 教授 (50397717)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
|
| Keywords | 好中球サブセット / 抗炎症性サイトカイン / 炎症性サイトカイン / 好中球 / 歯周炎マウスモデル / 実験的歯周炎 / 骨吸収 / 骨免疫 |
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In a longitudinal analysis of a mouse model of experimental periodontitis, neutrophils were predominant in the early stage of infection with periodontopathogenic bacteria and were responsible for the main defense mechanism. 7 days later, tissue infiltration of T and B cells was observed along with a decrease in inflammatory cytokines, confirming the anti-inflammatory effect. However, when neutrophil infiltration was suppressed after 7 days, severe bone resorption and IL-10 levels were decreased. We isolated and functionally analyzed neutrophils infiltrating during the remission phase of inflammation, and found that, unlike neutrophils during periodontitis, these neutrophils were less responsive to opsonized bacteria and produced anti-inflammatory cytokines. It is possible that there are two subsets of neutrophils, phagocytic neutrophils and anti-inflammatory neutrophils, in the fraction previously considered to be neutrophils.
|
| Free Research Field |
保存治療系歯学
|
| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
近年，T細胞やB細胞に当てはまらない自然免疫細胞である自然リンパ球が同定された．さらに，マクロファージにおいても組織修復作用をもつM1およびM2マクロファージサブセットが同定された．貪食および抗炎症好中球が存在することが明らかになれば，これまでの古典的な好中球の学問体系を再興することになり，生体の初期防御から後期の修復期まで関与する好中球を中心とした生体防御・修復システムの構築が可能になる．抗炎症好中球の分化を制御し，自在に誘導することが可能になれば，好中球による過度な炎症性疾患に対し，抗炎症好中球の分化誘導または貪食好中球から抗炎症好中球への自在な転換による治療法が可能になる．
|
