2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of a rapid diagnostic kit for determining the risk of aspiration pneumonia corresponding to dementia for visiting nurses

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	20K21702
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 58:Society medicine, nursing, and related fields
Research Institution	Niigata University
Principal Investigator	Takenaka Shoji 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (50313549)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	清水詩子新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (10401762) 茂呂寛新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 准教授 (40509452) 小泉健新潟大学, 医歯学総合研究科, 特任助教 (10793888) 野杁由一郎新潟大学, 医歯学系, 教授 (50218286)
Project Period (FY)	2020-07-30 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	誤嚥性肺炎 / リスクアセスメント / 訪問看護師 / 地域包括ケア / 科学的評価
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The purpose of this study was to develop a scientific evaluation system that does not require special equipment and does not depend on the degree of cooperation of patients and can determine the risk of disease onset at home. And this study aimed to support the risk assessment ability of visiting nurses who are active in community-based comprehensive care. We have developed a rapid diagnostic cassette that determines the CRP value from a small amount of blood from the fingertip. This cassette is based on the principle of an immunochromatography method that utilizes the color development phenomenon of colloidal gold, and can be determined by 10 ul of whole blood collected from the fingertip with a capillary. This cassette can diagnose 20 mg and 60 mg/L in 5 minutes and 4 mg/L in 10 minutes. No special equipment is required for the measurement, and the value measured by this cassette was highly consistent with the clinical laboratory values performed in the hospital.
Free Research Field	歯科保存学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	在宅高齢者のリスクマネジメントは、訪問看護師の経験によるところが大きい。これまでは、訪問時に持ち込める測定器が限られるため、看護師はフィジカルアセスメントを通して経験の中でリスクを見抜いてきた。しかし、“身体変化の気づき”は、熟練が必要である。特に、認知症高齢者や意思疎通が困難な高齢者は、心身の変化を聞き出すことが困難なため、評価はさらに難しい。本研究では、特別な測定機器を必要とせずに、指尖からの微量の血液から、CRP値を判定する迅速診断カセットを開発した。在宅高齢者の普段と違う様子に直面した時、「様子を見て良いか、すぐに病院に連れて行った方がよいか」という緊急性を判断するためのツールである。