2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

A community-based cohort study on the gut microbiota and the lifestyle-related diseases, dementia, and depression: the Hisayama Study

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	21H03200
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 58030:Hygiene and public health-related: excluding laboratory approach
Research Institution	Kyushu University
Principal Investigator	Ninomiya Toshiharu 九州大学, 医学研究院, 教授 (30571765)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	林哲也九州大学, 医学研究院, 教授 (10173014) 坂田智子九州大学, 医学研究院, 助教 (50815016) 秦淳九州大学, 医学研究院, 准教授 (00448432) 小原知之九州大学, 大学病院, 講師 (20623630) 柴田舞欧九州大学, 医学研究院, 助教 (20734982)
Project Period (FY)	2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	腸内細菌叢 / 疫学研究 / 生活習慣病 / 老年期疾患 / 認知症 / フレイル / 脳MRI研究 / 老年期うつ病
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Recently, the influence of the gut microbiota on lifestyle-related diseases and geriatric disease has been attracting attention. In this study, we investigated the association between the gut microbiota and metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among 1,648 residents aged 40 and over who underwent health examinations in 2017-18 in Hisayama Town, Fukuoka Prefecture. The results showed that the odds ratio of the presence of MetS decreased with higher proportion of Bifidobacterium. Additionally, when examining the relationship with frailty in subjects aged 65 and over, it was found that the odds ratio of the presence of frailty significantly decreased with higher proportions of Feacalibacterium, Akkermansia, and Lachnospira. On the other hand, there were no significant associations between the gut microbiota and the volumes of various brain regions and white matter lesions.
Free Research Field	疫学研究
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究において腸内細菌叢におけるBifidobacterium属の割合が多い者ではMetSを有するリスクが、Feacalibacterium属、Akkermansia属、Lachnospira属の割合が多い者ではフレイルを有するリスクが低いことが示めされたことより、腸内細菌叢の組成が生活習慣病や老年期疾患に影響を及ぼすことが示唆された。これらの解析結果は、生活習慣病や心血管病および認知症発症における腸内細菌叢の役割を明らかにするとともに、これらの疾患の新たな予防・治療法の確立に寄与すると考えられる。