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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the mechanism of chitinase-mediated airway inflammation by chitin

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K08465
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 54020:Connective tissue disease and allergy-related
Research InstitutionKyorin University

Principal Investigator

Arae Ken  杏林大学, 保健学部, 准教授 (50306669)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsキチン / アレルギー
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Chitin is a major component of the dust mite shell, and inhalation of it has been shown to induce airway inflammation and allergic asthma. Therefore, in this application, we aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which chitin particles induce airway inflammation. The results suggested that type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) may be strongly involved in chitin-induced airway inflammation. Furthermore, studies using newly established gene-deficient mice revealed that chitinase is strongly involved in airway inflammation caused by chitin. Furthermore, it was revealed that the main producing cells of chitinase are alveolar epithelial cells.

Free Research Field

アレルギー

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

我が国では、アレルギー性気管支喘息やCOPD、突発性間質性肺炎といった慢性の炎症性呼吸器疾患が増加しており、大きな社会的及び医療経済的な問題となっている。これらの原因は不明ながら、環境因子による慢性気道炎症などが推測されている。このような環境要因の一つとして、ヒトの居住空間に豊富に存在し、ヒトが日常的に吸入しうる環境粒子キチン粒子を想定することができる。本申請によるキチン粒子による気道炎症誘導機構の解明は、原因不明な様々な慢性炎症性呼吸器疾患に対する予防薬や治療薬の新規創薬ターゲットの創出に貢献できると考えている。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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