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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of a new therapy targeting macrophages

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 22K16105
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 53020:Cardiology-related
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

Takuo Emoto  神戸大学, 医学研究科, 医学研究員 (80855023)

Project Period (FY) 2022-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords動脈硬化 / シングルセル解析 / 冠動脈疾患 / 急性冠症候群 / 慢性冠症候群
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents the culminating clinical manifestation of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. we characterized the immune cell composition of the coronary culprit plaques causing ACS by contrast with those causing CCS (CCS plaques). We previously demonstrated a unique immune landscape of myeloid cells; monocytes, mast cells, and CXCL3+ IL1B+ inflammatory macrophages were detected only in the ACS plaques. In addition, we showed the suppression of the development of atherosclerosis by inhibiting IL1B or CXCR2 in LDL receptor knockout models.
CD4T cells were divided into five distinct clusters; Effector, Naive, Cytotoxic, central memory and FOXP3+ regulatory CD4T cells. The proportion of central memory CD4+ T cells was higher in the ACS plaques. Correspondingly, dendritic cells also tended to express more HLAs and co-stimulatory molecules in the ACS plaques, suggesting CD4T cell could be a therapeutic target.

Free Research Field

循環器内科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

動脈硬化の予防、治療について、この数十年で大きく進歩したことが平均寿命の延長に大きく貢献したが、依然として動脈硬化性疾患は死因として大きな割合を占めている。中でも心筋梗塞、不安定狭心症を含む急性冠症候群における致死率は高く、その予防は極めて重要である。組織の性状を判別できる血管内エコーで冠動脈プラークを経時的に観察した研究では、その性状は時間とともに変化することが示されており、治療介入の可能性が言われている。現在のところ、不安定プラークを安定化させる心血管イベント抑制法の開発が望まれており、本研究の結果が新しい治療法開発につながると考えている。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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